Exploring the Cardiovascular System

What are the four main chambers of the heart?

• right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

• right atrium, left ventricle, pulmonary artery, aorta

• right atrium, right atrial appendage, left atrial appendage, left ventricle

• upper chamber, lower chamber, left chamber, right chamber

Describe the function of the atria in the heart.

• The atria pump blood directly to the lungs.

• The atria receive blood and pump it into the ventricles.

• The atria store excess blood before it is released.

• The atria are responsible for oxygenating the blood.

What is the role of the ventricles in the cardiovascular system?

• The ventricles receive blood from the body and lungs.

• The ventricles regulate blood pressure in the arteries.

• The ventricles pump blood out of the heart; the right ventricle to the lungs and the left ventricle to the body.

• The ventricles store blood before it enters the heart.

Name the three types of blood vessels.

• Veins, capillaries, and arteries

• Capillaries, arteries, and lymph nodes

• Arteries, veins, and capillaries

• Arteries, lymphatics, and veins

What is the primary function of arteries?

• To carry deoxygenated blood to the heart.

• To carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.

• To regulate blood pressure in the veins.

• To transport nutrients to the lungs.

How do veins differ from arteries in structure and function?

• Veins have thinner walls and valves; arteries have thicker walls and carry blood away from the heart.

• Veins and arteries both carry oxygenated blood to the body.

• Arteries have thinner walls and valves; veins have thicker walls.

• Veins carry blood away from the heart; arteries have valves.

What is the significance of capillaries in the circulatory system?

• Capillaries are responsible for pumping blood throughout the body.

• Capillaries transport oxygen from the lungs to the heart.

• Capillaries store excess blood for emergencies.

• Capillaries enable the exchange of gases between blood and tissues.

Describe the phases of the cardiac cycle.

• Diastole is when the heart contracts and ejects blood.

• Systole is the phase where the heart fills with blood.

• The cardiac cycle has two main phases: diastole (relaxation and filling) and systole (contraction and ejection).

• The cardiac cycle consists of three phases: contraction, relaxation, and rest.

What occurs during diastole in the cardiac cycle?

• The heart chambers contract to pump blood out.

• The heart muscle thickens to increase pressure.

• The valves close to prevent backflow of blood.

• The heart chambers fill with blood as the heart muscle relaxes.

What happens during systole in the cardiac cycle?

• The heart muscles relax, allowing blood to fill the chambers.

• Blood is pumped into the lungs for oxygenation.

• The heart valves close to prevent backflow of blood.

• The heart muscles contract, pumping blood out of the heart.