Quiz on Volcanoes

What is a volcano?

• A mountain that is always covered in snow

• An opening in the Earth's crust where molten rock, ash, and gases can escape

• A type of earthquake

• A large body of water

Which of the following processes primarily leads to the formation of volcanoes?

• Erosion of rocks

• Accumulation of sediment

• Movement of tectonic plates and melting of mantle rock

• Weathering of minerals

Which type of volcano is characterized by gentle slopes and primarily erupts basaltic lava?

• Stratovolcano

• Shield volcano

• Cinder cone

• Lava dome

What is the name of the central opening through which magma escapes during an eruption?

• Crater

• Vent

• Magma chamber

• Caldera

Which of the following is NOT a potential impact of a volcanic eruption?

• Creation of new landforms

• Release of gases that can affect climate

• Immediate increase in local biodiversity

• Destruction of nearby habitats

What type of volcanic eruption is characterized by explosive outbursts that eject ash, gas, and larger volcanic rocks?

• Effusive eruption

• Phreatomagmatic eruption

• Plinian eruption

• Hawaiian eruption

Which hazard is associated with volcanic eruptions and can travel down slopes at high speeds, carrying debris and ash?

• Lava flow

• Pyroclastic flow

• Volcanic gases

• Tephra fall