527 Q10 Fuel Reforming 1

Currently, most of the H₂ produced worldwide is obtained by

• reforming fossil fuels

• mining for H₂ underground

• water splitting (electrolysis)

• capturing it from the air

The most widely used hydrocarbon fuels reformed for H₂ production are

(check all that applies; no partial credit)

• methane

• naphtha

• gasoline & diesel

• biofuels (methanol & ethanol)

• liquified petroleum gas (LPG)

The advantage of using natural gas (CH₄) for reforming is that

• it has high hydrogen to carbon ratio.

• its reforming reactions are exothermic, i.e., produce useful heat.

• it produces no CO₂.

• it can be reformed at near-ambient conditions.

SMR is one of the favorite routes for H₂ production nowadays because

(check all that applies; no partial credit)

• its efficiency is one of the highest among the currently available routes.

• its capital cost is lower compared to other currently available routes.

• we have extensive industrial experience of how to do it.

• it uses readily available air for reforming, thus reducing costs.

The primary advantage of ATR is

• it is thermally neutral, so it requires no external heat source.

• its thermal efficiency is higher than SMR.

• it requires no catalyst.

• it requires no steam or oxygen at the inlet feed.

If sour natural gas (i.e., contains H₂S) is to be reformed for H₂ production, we should use

• SMR

• ATR

• POx

• (none of these technologies will work)

If we use membranes to separate H₂ from the product gas as the reaction proceeds in a reformer,

• the energy consumption will be higher.

• the conversion efficiency will be higher.

• no other separation technologies can be used for CO₂ capture.

• the H₂ yield (flux) will be higher.

In sorption-enhanced membrane reactors for SMR, the water gas shift reaction can be enhanced by

(check all that applies; no partial credit)

• removing H₂ through the membrane.

• capturing CO₂ from the reaction mixture.

• replacing H₂O with pure O₂ in the inlet feed.

• adding CO₂ to the inlet feed.

To increase the methane conversion efficiency of the reactor, the flow residence time inside the reactor should be increased.

• True

• False

Pre-reforming is used to convert higher hydrocarbons into a mixture of H₂ and C₁ components like CO, CO₂, and CH₄ prior to the reforming process.

• True

• False