Understanding Transformers and CRO

What is the basic principle of a transformer?

• Thermal conduction

• Capacitance storage

• Mechanical leverage

• The basic principle of a transformer is electromagnetic induction.

How does a transformer change AC voltage levels?

• A transformer changes AC voltage levels by converting AC to DC first.

• A transformer changes AC voltage levels by using mechanical gears.

• A transformer changes AC voltage levels by using a battery to boost the voltage.

• A transformer changes AC voltage levels by using electromagnetic induction and the turns ratio of its coils.

What are the main components of a transformer?

• Inductor, capacitor, resistor

• Transformer oil, circuit breaker, voltage regulator

• Generator, rectifier, inverter

• Primary winding, secondary winding, core, insulation.

Explain the difference between AC and DC current.

• DC can change direction periodically.

• AC is always stronger than DC.

• AC changes direction periodically; DC flows in one direction.

• AC is used only in batteries.

What are the characteristics of AC current?

• Characteristics of AC current include periodic reversal of direction, sinusoidal waveform, frequency measured in hertz, and ability to be transformed to different voltages.

• Voltage measured in volts

• Constant direction flow

• Square waveform

What are the characteristics of DC current?

• Bidirectional flow

• Variable voltage

• Intermittent amplitude

• Characteristics of DC current include unidirectional flow, constant voltage, steady amplitude, and fixed polarity.

What is the formula for calculating transformer efficiency?

• Efficiency (η) = (Input Power / Output Power) × 100%

• Efficiency (η) = (Output Power + Input Power) × 100%

• Efficiency (η) = (Output Power / Input Power) × 100%.

• Efficiency (η) = (Output Power - Input Power) × 100%

What factors affect the efficiency of a transformer?

• Type of insulation used

• Core material, winding resistance, load conditions, frequency, and losses.

• Transformer size and shape

• Ambient temperature and humidity

How does the frequency of AC affect transformer operation?

• The frequency of AC has no impact on transformer operation.

• Higher frequency always increases transformer size.

• Frequency changes do not affect voltage regulation in transformers.

• The frequency of AC affects transformer operation by influencing core losses and efficiency.

What is the role of the primary and secondary coils in a transformer?

• The primary coil generates heat while the secondary coil stores energy.

• The primary coil converts output voltage to magnetic energy, while the secondary coil converts magnetic energy to input voltage.

• Both coils are used to increase the input voltage only.

• The primary coil converts input voltage to magnetic energy, while the secondary coil converts magnetic energy back to output voltage.