Unit 1 - Exam Prep

A researcher is studying the brain and wants to understand how different parts communicate. She decides to sever the large bundle of fibers connecting the two hemispheres. Which of the following structures is she most likely studying?

• Motor cortex

• Occipital lobe

• Corpus callosum

• Wernicke’s Area

In an experiment on neural firing, a neuron is stimulated to the point of action potential. After the neuron fires, there is a brief period when it cannot fire again regardless of the strength of the stimulus. What is this period called?

• Threshold

• Refractory period

• Resting potential

• All-or-nothing basis

A patient is diagnosed with a disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of motor neurons, resulting in muscle weakness and atrophy. Which neurotransmitter's inhibitory effects might be disrupted in this condition?

• Dopamine

• Serotonin

• GABA

• Glutamate

During a routine check-up, a patient complains of excessive weight gain despite a lack of appetite. Blood tests reveal low levels of a hormone responsible for regulating energy balance by inhibiting hunger. Which hormone is most likely deficient?

• Ghrelin

• Leptin

• Melatonin

• Oxytocin

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

A patient struggles with the compulsive need to use a substance despite adverse consequences, including health issues and social problems. This condition is best described as:

• Tolerance

• Withdrawal

• Substance use disorder

• Dependence

While studying the brain, a student learns about the lobe responsible for visual processing. Which lobe is primarily involved in this function?

• Frontal lobe

• Parietal lobe

• Temporal lobe

• Occipital lobe

An individual suffers a stroke affecting their ability to understand spoken language, though they can still produce speech. Which brain area is likely damaged?

• Broca’s Area

• Wernicke’s Area

• Motor Cortex

• Somatosensory Cortex

After a brain injury, a young girl’s ability to learn new skills and adapt to changes is impaired. This highlights the importance of which neural property?

• Lateralization

• Plasticity

• Neurogenesis

• Consolidation

The smallest change in the intensity of a stimulus that can be detected is referred to as:

• Absolute threshold

• Difference threshold

• Just-noticeable difference

• Sensory adaptation

A color-deficient person is unable to distinguish between certain colors. This condition is typically caused by:

• Deficiency in rod cells

• Damage to the occipital lobe

• Deficiency in cone cells

• Abnormal ganglion cells