No.3 Retake Review AP Psychology: Cognition

Which of the following types of tests is designed to measure an individual's knowledge of a subject?

• Achievement
• Aptitude
• Projective
• Interest inventory

Which of the following types of validity is established by demonstrating that there is a correlation between scores on a test and later academic performance?

• Content
• Predictive
• Concurrent
• Test-retest

The Flynn effect refers to the

• rise in average IQ scores over time
• influence of face symmetry on raters’ judgment of others
• deterioration of attachment and bonding due to early environmental deprivation
• evolution of different terms over time to capture the complexities of neurological conditions

A teacher gave a standardized test to students measuring their achievement in school. A student’s test score of 86 is at the 42nd percentile. This means that this student has which of the following?

• Answered 86 percent of the test items correctly
• Scored the same as 42 of her fellow students
• Scored the same as or higher than 42 percent of her fellow students
• Scored the same as or higher than 58 percent of her fellow students

Anthony thinks he will fail his math test because he believes he is terrible at math, even though he has passed his previous math tests. Which of the following explanations would the cognitive approach use to explain Anthony’s behavior?

• His irrational thoughts are causing him to doubt his abilities, even though he has evidence to show otherwise.
• He has not fully achieved self-actualization, even though he has evidence to show otherwise.
• He has a conflict between his id and his superego, so it keeps him from studying appropriately.
• He is using a defense mechanism, so it keeps him from studying appropriately.

James takes an IQ test when he is in third grade and receives a score of 112. When he is tested again in sixth grade with an alternate version of the same test, his score is 114. The fact that the two scores are very similar most directly indicates that the IQ test is

• valid
• reliable
• standardized
• accurate

In elementary school, Lisa learned to speak some Japanese in addition to English. As a sophomore in high school, Lisa took a class in Chinese. She found that some of the new vocabulary was difficult to learn because her earlier Japanese vocabulary was competing with the new Chinese words. This situation best illustrates

• repression
• proactive interference
• retroactive interference
• source amnesia

Which of the following increases the chance that an individual will remember a telephone number that has been called several times within a short period?

• Spacing
• Retrieval
• Rehearsal
• Free recall

Dr. Hermann wants to determine whether the use of distributed practice causes higher scores on a final exam. To determine whether a cause-effect relationship exists between two variables, a researcher must use which of the following?

• Descriptive statistics
• Naturalistic observation
• An experimental approach
• A correlational study

Jalil goes to a party where he meets several new people. When he tells his brother about it the next day, he can only remember the names of the last 3 people that he met. Which of the following memory concepts best describes Jalil's memory for the names of the people at the party?

• Primacy effect
• Recency effect
• Spacing effect
• Law of effect