FIL Unit 3

A valid argument is one where

• If the premises are true, the conclusion must be true.

• If the conclusion is true, the premises must be correct.

• The premises are verifiably correct.

• The conclusion is relevant to the argument.

A sound argument is one where

• The argument is valid and the premises are true.

• The premises are relevant to the topic of discussion.

• The antecedent is affirmed.

• The consequent is denied.

Identify Modus Ponens.

• If P, then Q.
  Not Q.

  Therefore, not P.

• If P, then Q.
  P.

  Therefore, Q.

• If P, then Q.

  If Q, then R.

  Therefore, if P then R.

• If P, then Q.
  Q.

  Therefore, P.

Identify Modus Tollens.

• If P, then Q.
  Not Q.

  Therefore, not P.

• If P, then Q.
  P.

  Therefore, Q.

• If P, then Q.

  If Q, then R.

  Therefore, if P then R.

• If P, then Q.
  Not P.

  Therefore, not Q.

Identify Hypothetical Syllogism.

• If P, then Q.
  Not Q.

  Therefore, not P.

• If P, then Q.
  P.

  Therefore, Q.

• If P, then Q.

  If Q, then R.

  Therefore, if P then R.

• If P, then Q.
  Not P.

  Therefore, not Q.

Identify Affirming the Consequent.

• If P, then Q.
  Not Q.

  Therefore, not P.

• If P, then Q.
  P.

  Therefore, Q.

• If P, then Q.

  If Q, then R.

  Therefore, if P then R.

• If P, then Q.
  Q.

  Therefore, P.

Identify Denying the Antecedent.

• If P, then Q.
  Not Q.

  Therefore, not P.

• If P, then Q.
  P.

  Therefore, Q.

• If P, then Q.

  If Q, then R.

  Therefore, if P then R.

• If P, then Q.
  Not P.

  Therefore, not Q.

The concept of balancing virtues to avoid excess is called

• Eudaimonia

• The Golden Mean

• Hedonic Calculus

• The Categorical Imperative

A primary philosopher of Utilitarianism is

• Jeremy Bentham

• Immanuel Kant

• Thomas Hobbes

• Carol Gilligan

A primary philosopher of Deontology is

• Jeremy Bentham

• Immanuel Kant

• Thomas Hobbes

• Carol Gilligan