[PSYSOCI] Midterms - 3rd Part

Informational influence involves:

• Conforming because we believe others are correct in their interpretation of a situation

• Conforming to avoid social rejection

• Refusing to conform to group expectations

• Making decisions independently from others

Stereotypes are:

• Individual beliefs about oneself

• Generalized beliefs about a group of people

• Personal opinions formed through individual experiences

• Always positive beliefs about others

Group polarization occurs when:

• Group discussions lead to more moderate positions

• Group members become less extreme in their opinions

• Group discussions intensify the initial leanings of the group members

• Groups make decisions based on consensus

Reciprocal altruism refers to:

• Helping others with the expectation that they will help you in return

• Helping others without any expectation of return

• Ignoring others' needs in social situations

• Acting selfishly to maximize personal gain

Obedience in social psychology refers to:

• Changing behavior in response to direct orders from an authority figure

• Following group norms without question

• Resisting social pressures to conform

• Acting independently from social influence

Social influence includes:

• Ignoring others' opinions in decision-making

• Making decisions based solely on personal goals

• The ways in which people affect each other's behavior, attitudes, and beliefs

• All of the above

Discrimination is:

• Always based on positive stereotypes

• Negative behavior directed toward individuals based on group membership

• A neutral evaluation of individuals based on merit

• Positive treatment of others based on group membership

Social comparison can affect:

• Self-esteem

• Attitudes toward others

• Group dynamics

• All of the above

In-group bias refers to:

• Favoring one's own group over others

• Treating all groups equally

• Ignoring differences between groups

• None of the above

Social norms shape:

• Expectations for appropriate behavior within groups

• Personal beliefs about behavior

• Attitudes toward group membership

• Individual personality traits