12th grade Government - S1 Midterm Review

According to John Locke, which agreement did individuals enter into when forming their own society?

• Constitution

• Social contract

• Mayflower Compact

• English Bill of Rights

According to John Locke, which rights were guaranteed by natural law?

• Freedom of worship and the right to petition

• Trial by jury and no cruel punishments

• Freedom of speech and of the press

• Life, liberty, and property

The statement below is an excerpt from Magna Carta (1215). No freeman shall be taken or imprisoned or disseised or outlawed or exiled or any way destroyed…except by the lawful judgement of his peers or by the law of the land. Which right was guaranteed in his excerpt from Magna Carta?

• No taxation without representation

• Freedom of the press

• Freedom of religion

• Trial by jury

Which example illustrates Montesquieu’s idea of the separation of powers?

• Citizens of the United States choose many of their public officials in elections

• The state government of Florida has a governor, state legislature and state court system

• Individual rights to life, liberty and property are guaranteed by natural law

• People have the right to overthrow an unjust government

How was Locke’s social contract theory related to his belief in natural law (NL)?

• He argued subjects had the right to rebel against a ruler who was against NL

• He argued that whatever the king did was good according to NL

• He argued that NL required the colonists to be given their independence

• He argued that God had especially chosen kings to rule over their subjects as part of NL

Which describes an impact of Magna Carta on the American colonists in the 1770’s?

• They believed they could not be taxed without their consent

• They believed they could not be governed by a far-away island

• They thought they had the right to overthrow a king who did not protect their rights

• They favored a separation of the powers of government into different branches

What most attracted the Founding Fathers to Montesquieu’s idea of the separation of powers?

• It could prevent the central government from becoming tyrannical and oppressive

• It could protect the rights of the nobility from the actions of the king

• It could preserve the privileges of the monarch and nobles from popular attack

• It could raise judicial power to a level of equality with legislative and executive power

Which right was established by Magna Carta in 1215?

• The right to vote in elections

• The right to choose the monarch

• The right to freedom of speech

• The right to a trial of jury

Which document confirmed the rights of English subjects after the overthrow of James II in the Glorious Revolution?

• Magna Carta

• Mayflower Compact

• English Bill of Rights

• Montesquieu’s Spirit of the Laws

Which of the following were most similar?

• The Mayflower Compact and John Locke’s social contract theory

• The English Bill of Rights and Thomas Paine’s Common Sense

• Magna Carta and Montesquieu’s separation of powers

• The Mayflower Compact and Montesquieu’s separation of powers