Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Locate the major cartilages of the adult skeleton.

• Hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, fibrocartilage.
• Cartilage of the wrist
• Cartilage of the elbow
• Cartilage of the knee

Discuss the functional properties of the types of cartilages.

• Hyaline cartilage is only found in the lungs.
• The three types of cartilage are hyaline (support and flexibility), elastic (strength and elasticity), and fibrocartilage (tensile strength and shock absorption).
• Elastic cartilage provides no flexibility.
• Fibrocartilage is primarily for nutrient storage.

Describe the location, structure and function of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles;

• Skeletal muscles are non-striated and found in hollow organs; smooth muscles are striated and voluntary; cardiac muscles are involuntary and attached to bones.
• Skeletal muscles are striated, voluntary muscles attached to bones; smooth muscles are non-striated, involuntary muscles found in hollow organs; cardiac muscles are striated, involuntary muscles found in the heart.
• Skeletal muscles are involuntary and found in the heart; smooth muscles are striated and attached to bones; cardiac muscles are non-striated and found in hollow organs.
• Skeletal muscles are found in the digestive tract; smooth muscles are striated and voluntary; cardiac muscles are non-striated and found in the lungs.

What are the three classifications of joints?

• Structural

• Functional

• Both

• None

What are the three types of fibrous joints?

• Syndesmosis

• Suture

• Gomphosis

• All of the above

What type of joint is considered immovable?

• Synarthrotic

• Amphiarthrotic

• Diarthrotic

• All of the above

What are the two types of cartilaginous joints?

• Synchondrosis

• Symphysis

• Both

• None

What are the specific parts of a diarthroses?

• Articular cartilage

• Joint cavity

• Joint capsule

• All of the above

What type of joint allows free movement?

• Synarthrosis

• Amphiarthrosis

• Diarthrosis

• None

What is the structure of a tendon?

• Sustain high tensile forces

• Pliable and flexible

• Strong and inextensible

• None