Quiz on Discrimination and Rights

What is the key distinction between direct and indirect discrimination?

• Direct discrimination is always legal, whereas indirect discrimination is not.

• Direct discrimination involves explicit unfavorable treatment based on a characteristic, while indirect discrimination involves the same treatment but has a disproportionate impact on a group.

• Indirect discrimination is more severe than direct discrimination.

• Direct discrimination is easier to prove than indirect discrimination.

Which article of the ICCPR (1966) addresses the right to non-discrimination?

• Article 1

• Article 2

• Article 26

• Article 14

What is a genuine and determining occupational requirement (GDOR) in the context of EU anti-discrimination law?

• A characteristic that must be present for a person to perform a specific job effectively.

• A condition under which employers can freely choose their employees.

• A requirement that allows for age-based discrimination.

• An exception to direct discrimination in relation to employment

Which of the following is an example of indirect discrimination?

• Refusing to hire someone based on their race.

• Applying a height requirement for a job that disproportionately excludes women.

• Offering different wages to men and women for the same job.

• Denying access to public services based on religion.

Which of the following is NOT considered a legitimate ground for restricting the right to privacy?

• Public health

• Economic well-being of the country

• Public opinions of an individual

• National security

The 'Test-Achats' case addressed which type of discrimination?

• Age discrimination

• Gender-based discrimination

• Disability discrimination

• Religious discrimination

According to the GDPR, what right allows an individual to request the removal of their personal data?

• Right to access

• Right to rectification

• Right to be forgotten

• Right to data portability

In the 'Egenberger' case, the protected ground involved was:

• Age

• Disability

• Religion or belief

• Gender

When can a state legally interfere with an individual's privacy under ICCPR Article 17?

• For any reason deemed necessary by the government.

• Only when specified by law, for legitimate aims such as national security and public order.

• When the individual consents to it.

• When it benefits the economic interests of the state.

Which of the following best describes 'discrimination by association'?

• Discrimination against a person because of their association with another individual having a protected characteristic.

• Discrimination against a group rather than an individual.

• Direct discrimination based on someone's beliefs.

• A form of discrimination that only applies in employment law.