page 16 Forces Affecting Earth's Surface

What are the two main causes of rapid changes on the Earth's surface mentioned in the text?

• Earthquakes and volcanoes

• Wind and water erosion

• Plate tectonics and continental drift

• Weather patterns and climate change

Which government agency in the Philippines is responsible for mitigating disasters caused by earthquakes, volcanoes, and other related phenomena?

• Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)

• National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC)

• Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)

• Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)

What is the shaking and trembling that results from the movement of rock beneath the Earth's surface called?

• Tsunami

• Earthquake

• Landslide

• Typhoon

The study of earthquakes is called:

• Meteorology

• Seismology

• Oceanography

• Geology

What are the two numbers used to report the strength of an earthquake?

• Intensity and magnitude

• Richter scale and Mercalli scale

• Focus and epicenter

• Seismic waves and surface waves

What is the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake called?

• Hypocenter

• Epicenter

• Magnitude

• Seismic wave

What is the term used to describe the total amount of energy released by an earthquake at the focus?

• Intensity

• Magnitude

• Seismic wave

• Hypocenter

How does intensity measure an earthquake?

• By the amount of energy released

• By the shaking felt at a particular location

• By the duration of the shaking

• By the depth of the earthquake's focus

What is the difference between the focus and the epicenter of an earthquake?

• The focus is underground, while the epicenter is on the surface.

• The focus is measured in magnitude, while the epicenter is measured in intensity.

• There is no difference between the focus and the epicenter.

Which type of seismic wave travels through the Earth's interior?

• Surface wave

• Body wave

• P-wave

• Seismic wave