Exploring the Dual Nature of Radiation

What factors does the work function depend on?

• The work function is independent of the material used.

• The work function is solely determined by temperature.

• The work function depends on the nature of metal surface and properties of metal

• The work function only depends on the size of the material.

Define 1 eV in terms of energy.

• 1 eV = 1.602 x 10^-19 joules

• 1 eV = 1.602 x 10^19 joules

• 1 eV = 0.5 joules

• 1 eV = 1.0 joules

3 METHODS TO PROVIDE ENERGY REQUIRED BY THE FREE ELECTRONS TO GET EMITTED FROM METAL SURFACE

• Electrical current

• Magnetic field application

• Chemical reaction

• 1) Thermionic emission, 2) Photoelectric emission 3) Field emission

What is the photoelectric effect?

• The photoelectric effect is the absorption of light by a material.

• The photoelectric effect refers to the reflection of light from a surface.

• The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons from a material when it is exposed to light.

• The photoelectric effect is the generation of heat in a material when exposed to light.

Describe Hertz's experiment related to radiation.

• nvestigation on the EM waves produced by means of a spark discharge.high voltage sparks across the detector loop were enhanced when the emitter plate was illuminated by Ultra Violet light from an arc lamp.

• Hertz's experiment was primarily about the reflection of sound waves.

• Hertz's experiment focused on the discovery of radioactivity.

• Hertz's experiment involved the use of X-rays to study atomic structure.

What were the findings of Hallwachs and Lenard's experiments?

• Hallwachs found that ultraviolet light causes electron emission, and Lenard showed that emitted electrons' energy depends on light frequency.

• Hallwachs and Lenard concluded that light has no effect on electron behavior.

• Lenard found that all light frequencies produce the same energy in emitted electrons.

• Hallwachs discovered that visible light causes electron emission.

What is meant by threshold frequency in the context of the photoelectric effect?

• Threshold frequency is the minimum frequency needed to release electrons in the photoelectric effect.

• Threshold frequency is the frequency at which all electrons are released from a material.

• Threshold frequency refers to the energy required to ionize an atom.

• Threshold frequency is the maximum frequency needed to release electrons.

How does the energy of incident photons relate to the emission of electrons?

• The energy of incident photons has no effect on electron emission.

• The energy of incident photons must exceed the work function of the material to emit electrons.

• Electrons are emitted regardless of the photon energy.

• Only high-frequency photons can emit electrons, regardless of their energy.