Energy and Thermodynamics Quiz

What type of energy is associated with the motion of objects?

• Potential Energy

• Kinetic Energy

• Thermal Energy

• Chemical Energy

Answer explanation

Kinetic energy is the energy associated with the motion of objects. It depends on the mass and velocity of the object, making it the correct choice for energy related to movement.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed?

• Law of Conservation of Mass

• First Law of Thermodynamics

• Second Law of Thermodynamics

• Law of Entropy

Answer explanation

The First Law of Thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. This principle is fundamental in understanding energy conservation in physical processes.

When energy is transformed, what happens to some of it?

• It becomes more organized

• It is lost as heat

• It increases the potential energy

• It can be stored indefinitely

Answer explanation

When energy is transformed, some of it is lost as heat due to the second law of thermodynamics. This means that not all energy can be converted into useful work, and some is always dissipated as heat.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

What term describes the measure of disorder in a system?

• Enthalpy

• Entropy

• Energy Flow

• Homeostasis

Answer explanation

The term that describes the measure of disorder in a system is 'Entropy'. It quantifies the amount of randomness or chaos, distinguishing it from other concepts like enthalpy, which relates to heat content.

In a closed system, what happens when there is no energy input?

• The system remains stable

• The system becomes more organized

• The system breaks down to a lower energy state

• The system undergoes photosynthesis

Answer explanation

In a closed system with no energy input, the system cannot maintain its current state and will naturally break down to a lower energy state, as energy tends to disperse and systems move towards equilibrium.

What is metabolism?

• The breakdown of ATP

• The sum of cellular chemical reactions

• A single biochemical reaction

• The process of photosynthesis

Answer explanation

Metabolism refers to the sum of all cellular chemical reactions that occur within an organism, encompassing both the breakdown of molecules for energy and the synthesis of necessary compounds, making it the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

What type of reaction releases energy and occurs spontaneously?

• Endergonic Reaction

• Exergonic Reaction

• Anabolic Reaction

• Catabolic Reaction

Answer explanation

An exergonic reaction releases energy and occurs spontaneously, making it the correct choice. In contrast, endergonic reactions require energy input, while anabolic reactions build molecules and catabolic reactions break them down.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

ATP is considered the energy currency of the cell because it:

• Is stored in large amounts

• Releases energy when it donates phosphate groups

• Is produced only in the mitochondria

• Breaks down glucose

Answer explanation

ATP is the energy currency of the cell because it releases energy when it donates phosphate groups, which is essential for driving various cellular processes.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Which of the following processes generates ATP from ADP?

• Hydrolysis

• Photosynthesis

• Glycolysis

• Oxidation

Answer explanation

Glycolysis is a metabolic process that converts glucose into pyruvate, generating ATP from ADP in the process. It is a key pathway for energy production in cells, unlike hydrolysis, photosynthesis, or oxidation.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

What happens during an endergonic reaction?

• Energy is released

• Energy is required

• It occurs spontaneously

• It produces ATP

Answer explanation

In an endergonic reaction, energy is required to proceed. Unlike exergonic reactions that release energy, endergonic reactions absorb energy, making the correct choice 'Energy is required'.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4