Civil Rights 'The Triumph of Jim Crow' 1883-1900

Recall: What event is most responsible for ending Reconstruction in the South?

• The Compromise of 1877 and removal of federal troops

• The activities of the KKK and the White League

• The massacre and coup in Wilmington, NC, in 1898

• The Slaughter-House Cases of 1873

What did this political cartoon, 'The “Strong” government 1869-1877–The “weak” government 1877-1881', say about the end of Reconstruction? Recall, this is from a White Southerner's perspective. Select all that apply

• Reconstruction had been bad for the South

• Reconstruction had been good for the South

• Carpetbaggers and federal troops had burdened the South during Reconstruction

• President Hayes would continue to negatively affect the South

During this time period, 1883-1900, which branch of the US federal government had the greatest impact (positive and negative) on the civil rights of Black Americans?

• The Presidency

• The Congress

• The Supreme Court

• The army

Even though the Slaughter House Cases (1873) did not involve Black Americans, how would the case have future impacts on their rights?

• The Court ruled the local law did not violate the butchers' rights

• The Court ruled the Civil Rights Act of 1875 was unconstitutional

• Created very narrow interpretations of the 13th and 14th amendments

• Ruled 'separate but equal' was constitutional

What was the most important outcome of the 1883 Civil Rights Cases?

• It gave precedent for narrow interpretations of the 13th and 14th Amendments

• Ruled the 1875 Civil Rights Act unconstitutional; 'Jim Crow' laws could be passed

• Ruled that 'seperate but equal' was allowed

• Ruled that restrictions on voting, like poll taxes, were allowed

What was the origin of the Plessy v. Ferguson case?

• People sued over violations of the 1875 Civil Rights Act

• Homer Plessy was denied the right to vote and sued

• Homer Plessy, a man with 1/8 Black heritage, sued for discrimination in train car seating

• This case was about the application of the 13th Amendment

What was the most significant outcome of the Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) case?

• Ruled grandfather clauses were legal

• Ruled that poll taxes and literacy tests were legal

• Struck down a racial segregation law in Louisiana

• Ruled that 'seperate but equal' facilities for Black and White people was legal

What is Plessy v. Ferguson often given the most credit/blamed for out of all the cases we have learned about?

• Legalizing 'Jim Crow' and racial segregation laws throughout the US

• Ending school segregation

• Allowing states to impose different voter restrictions

• None of these

What was the most significant outcomes of Williams v. Mississippi (1898)?

• Ruled that Mississippi's voter registration laws did not discriminate against AAs, only individuals did

• Legalized the doctrine of 'seperate but equal'

• Ruled the state did not have to provide public education to Black students

• Set a precedent that allowed for the expansion of laws disenfranchising Black voters across the South

This was one type of law that limited voter registration and restricted voting rights based on if people had enough money to vote.