Unit 05 Test Review Fall 2024

The most significant obstacle in building the Transcontinental Railroad was

• crossing the Sierra Nevada Range and the Rocky Mountains.

• removing hostile Native Americans from the region.

• laying track across the Great Plains.

• crossing the Appalachian Mountains.

Answer explanation

This was the biggest challenge because these mountain ranges were very tall and difficult to build through. Workers had to dig tunnels, use explosives, and deal with dangerous conditions like freezing temperatures. This made it much harder than laying track on flat land or dealing with other obstacles.

Which situation BEST describes collective bargaining?

• Union and management officials meet to discuss terms of a new contract.

• Union representatives go on strike to prevent a decrease in benefits.

• The company decides to relocate overseas to avoid a wage increase.

• Right-to-work laws are passed to prevent the formation of unions.

Answer explanation

Collective bargaining is when workers (usually through their union) and the company's management come together to negotiate or talk about things like wages, working conditions, and benefits. This process helps both sides come to an agreement on a fair contract for the workers.

The new national economy and new immigration patterns following the Civil War saw large amounts of timber-men from what two Northern European regions to areas of Minnesota and Wisconsin?

• Austrians

• Italians

• Norwegians

• Swedes

Answer explanation

Even if you didn't know the answer the question had a give away,

"Northern Euroepan"

Ausrtia is in central Europe & Italy is in Southern Europe.

"The man of wealth thus becoming the mere agent and trustee for his poorer brethren, bringing to their service his superior wisdom, experience, and ability to administer—doing for them better than they would or could do for themselves."

Andrew Carnegie - The Gospel of Wealth

Which of the follow would be MOST supported by ideas in Andrew Carnegie's book "Gospel of Wealth"?

• A graduated income tax is needed to reduce the gap between the richest and poorest members of society.

• The accumulation of wealth is beneficial to society and the government should take no action to hinder this accumulation.

• The government should play a major role in controlling the American economy.

• The wealth and resources in a society should be equitably distributed among the members of that society.

Answer explanation

Carnegie was a wealthy capitalist. Which means he is FOR the accumulation of wealth. He believed that the wealthy should be an, "agent or trustee" (person responsible) for using their judgment to "administer" (give away or direct) the distribution of that wealth.

He would not be in favor of the government giving that wealth away as that would be socialism. He did not think the government should be in charge of wealth distribution.

Which of the following were factors contributing to the defeat of William Jennings Bryan in the 1896 Presidential election?

• Strong support from urban workers and immigrants

• Populist Party's alignment with the Democratic Party

• Gold Standard supporters rallying behind the Republican nominee

• African American voters remaining loyal to the Republican party

Answer explanation

The question asks why William Jennings Bryan lost the 1896 Presidential election. Three key reasons are:

1. Populist Party’s alignment with the Democratic Party: Bryan was supported by a smaller group, the Populist Party, but their ideas were too different from what many Americans wanted.

2. Gold Standard supporters rallying behind the Republican nominee: Many people wanted the U.S. dollar to be backed by gold, which made them support the Republican candidate, not Bryan.

3. African American voters remaining loyal to the Republican Party: At the time, most African American voters supported the Republican Party, and they didn’t vote for Bryan.

In short, Bryan didn’t have enough support because his ideas didn’t match what many people wanted, and many key groups voted for his opponent instead.