Roman/Byzantine Empire Vocab

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A state where supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, with an elected president instead of a monarch.

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Republic

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An aristocrat or nobleman.

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Patrician

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Commoner in ancient Rome, member of lower social classes.

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Plebeian

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A ruler with total power, often obtained by force.

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Dictator

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(Ancient Rome) a group of three men holding power, e.g., the First Triumvirate (Caesar, Pompey, Crassus) and the Second Triumvirate (Antony, Lepidus, Octavian).

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Triumvirate

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Laws inscribed on 12 bronze tablets in ancient Rome (451-450 BCE).

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Twelve Tables

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Governing assembly in ancient Rome (Latin: Senatus Romanus).

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Roman Senate

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Official appointed by a government to protect its citizens in a foreign city.

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Consul

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Eastern churches in a loose federation, honoring the patriarch of Constantinople, following the first seven ecumenical councils and the Byzantine rite.

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Eastern Orthodox

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Male head of a family or tribe.

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Patriarch