Understanding Neurons

Paul Andersen explains the basics of neurons, the fundamental units of the nervous system. He discusses neuron anatomy, including the cell body, dendrites, and axon, and how they function to transmit information. The video covers action potentials, myelin sheaths, and synapses. Neurons are classified structurally as multipolar, bipolar, unipolar, and anaxonic, and functionally as sensory, motor, and interneurons. The video concludes with a recap of neuron types and their roles.

What is the basic unit of the nervous system?

• Dendrite

• Cell body

• Neuron

• Axon

How many neurons does a simple organism like a nematode worm have?

• 1,000

• 100 billion

• 10,000

• 302

Which part of the neuron is responsible for transmitting information?

• Nucleus

• Dendrites

• Cell body

• Axon

What is the function of myelin sheaths?

• To connect neurons

• To generate energy

• To insulate the axon

• To produce neurotransmitters

What is the gap between two neurons called?

• Axon

• Cell body

• Synapse

• Dendrite

Which type of neuron has multiple poles coming off the cell body?

• Bipolar neuron

• Unipolar neuron

• Anaxonic neuron

• Multipolar neuron

Which type of neuron is most commonly found in the human body?

• Multipolar neuron

• Unipolar neuron

• Bipolar neuron

• Anaxonic neuron

What type of neurons are responsible for transmitting sensory information to the central nervous system?

• Anaxonic neurons

• Sensory neurons

• Interneurons

• Motor neurons

Which neurons send information from the central nervous system to muscles or glands?

• Sensory neurons

• Motor neurons

• Interneurons

• Anaxonic neurons

What is the role of interneurons?

• To transmit sensory information

• To insulate axons

• To connect sensory and motor neurons

• To send signals to muscles