Exploring Thermodynamics Concepts

Quiz
•
Physics
•
12th Grade
•
Hard
MUKESH MISHRA
FREE Resource
15 questions
Show all answers
1.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed: E = mc².
Heat is always converted to work: Q = W.
The total energy in a closed system is always zero.
Energy conservation principle: ΔU = Q - W.
Answer explanation
The first law of thermodynamics states that the change in internal energy (ΔU) of a system is equal to the heat added (Q) minus the work done (W) on the system, represented as ΔU = Q - W.
2.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
State the second law of thermodynamics.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Heat flows from cold to hot spontaneously.
The total energy of an isolated system remains constant.
The total entropy of an isolated system always increases over time.
Answer explanation
The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system always increases over time, indicating that natural processes tend to move towards a state of greater disorder.
3.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
Explain the concept of heat transfer by conduction.
Conduction is the transfer of heat through radiation in a vacuum.
Conduction occurs only in liquids and gases, not in solids.
Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials, involving particle collisions and energy transfer.
Conduction involves the movement of heat through convection currents.
Answer explanation
Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials. It occurs when particles collide and transfer energy, making it essential in solids, unlike the incorrect options that describe other heat transfer methods.
4.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
What are the three main mechanisms of heat transfer?
Evaporation, condensation, sublimation
Compression, expansion, friction
Conduction, convection, radiation
Absorption, reflection, diffusion
Answer explanation
The three main mechanisms of heat transfer are conduction (direct contact), convection (fluid movement), and radiation (energy transfer through electromagnetic waves). These processes are fundamental in thermodynamics.
5.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
Describe the Carnot cycle and its significance.
The Carnot cycle is a theoretical thermodynamic cycle that defines the maximum efficiency of heat engines.
The Carnot cycle is a refrigeration process that cools substances effectively.
The Carnot cycle operates at 100% efficiency under all conditions.
The Carnot cycle is a practical engine design used in modern vehicles.
Answer explanation
The Carnot cycle is a theoretical thermodynamic cycle that establishes the upper limit of efficiency for heat engines, making it significant in understanding the principles of thermodynamics and engine performance.
6.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
What is the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature in an ideal gas?
V = nRT/P
P = V/T
PV = nRT (Ideal Gas Law)
PV = nRT^2
Answer explanation
The correct relationship is given by the Ideal Gas Law, PV = nRT, which relates pressure (P), volume (V), and temperature (T) for an ideal gas, where n is the number of moles and R is the ideal gas constant.
7.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
Define entropy and its role in thermodynamics.
Entropy is a measure of energy in a system.
Entropy is the total energy of a system at equilibrium.
Entropy is a measure of disorder in a system and indicates the direction of spontaneous processes in thermodynamics.
Entropy is a constant value that does not change in thermodynamic processes.
Answer explanation
The correct choice defines entropy as a measure of disorder, which is crucial in thermodynamics as it helps predict the direction of spontaneous processes, indicating how systems evolve towards equilibrium.
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