Exploring Biology Concepts

What is the basic unit of life?

• Cell

• Atom

• Tissue

• Organism

• Which of the following is true about GENETICS

Describe the process of photosynthesis.

• Photosynthesis produces carbon dioxide and water from glucose and oxygen.

• Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, producing glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water.

• Photosynthesis occurs only at night when there is no sunlight.

• Photosynthesis is the process of converting chemical energy into light energy.

What are the main components of a cell membrane?

• Ribosomes

• Phospholipid bilayer, proteins, cholesterol, carbohydrates

• Nucleic acids

• Cell wall

Explain the role of enzymes in biological reactions.

• Enzymes are used to store energy in cells.

• Enzymes are only found in animal cells.

• Enzymes are responsible for the color of biological reactions.

• Enzymes speed up biological reactions by lowering activation energy and facilitating substrate conversion.

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Prokaryotic cells are always multicellular; eukaryotic cells are unicellular.

• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus; eukaryotic cells do not.

• Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles; eukaryotic cells do.

• Eukaryotic cells are smaller than prokaryotic cells.

Define homeostasis and provide an example.

• The process of photosynthesis in plants.

• The digestion of food in the stomach.

• The movement of tectonic plates in the Earth's crust.

• An example of homeostasis is the regulation of body temperature in humans, where the body maintains an average temperature of around 37°C (98.6°F) through sweating or shivering.

What are the stages of the cell cycle?

• Interphase (G1, S, G2) and Mitotic phase (M)

• G1 and G0 phases only

• Cytokinesis and Interphase

• Prophase and Telophase

How do mutations affect genetic variation?

• Mutations decrease genetic variation by removing alleles from a population.

• Mutations only affect the physical traits of an organism, not genetic variation.

• Mutations have no effect on genetic variation in a population.

• Mutations increase genetic variation by introducing new alleles into a population.

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

• To store genetic information

• To transport nutrients within the cell

• The function of ribosomes in a cell is to synthesize proteins.

• To generate energy for cellular processes

Describe the structure and function of DNA.

• DNA is a single-stranded structure that only functions in protein synthesis.

• DNA is a double helix structure made of nucleotides that stores and transmits genetic information.

• DNA is a triple helix structure that primarily stores energy for the cell.

• DNA is a linear molecule that transports nutrients across the cell membrane.