Understanding the Respiratory System

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

• To facilitate gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the body and the environment.

• To produce hormones for growth and development.

• To digest food and absorb nutrients.

• To regulate body temperature through sweating.

Describe the process of gas exchange in the alveoli.

• Gas exchange occurs only during inhalation.

• Carbon dioxide is absorbed by the alveoli from the air.

• Gas exchange in the alveoli involves the diffusion of oxygen into the blood and the diffusion of carbon dioxide out of the blood.

• Oxygen is produced in the alveoli and released into the air.

What structures are involved in the gas exchange process?

• Alveoli, bronchi, bronchioles, trachea

• Skin, muscles, bones, nerves

• Nasal cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach

• Lungs, diaphragm, heart, liver

How do the lungs facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide?

• Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the trachea.

• The lungs exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide through diffusion in the alveoli.

• Carbon dioxide is expelled through the skin.

• The lungs absorb oxygen directly from the air.

What is the role of the diaphragm in breathing?

• The diaphragm helps in digestion by moving food through the stomach.

• The diaphragm is responsible for regulating body temperature during exercise.

• The diaphragm filters air to remove pollutants before it enters the lungs.

• The diaphragm plays a crucial role in breathing by contracting to allow air in and relaxing to push air out.

Explain how the diaphragm contracts during inhalation.

• The diaphragm contracts and moves downward, increasing thoracic cavity volume and drawing air into the lungs.

• The diaphragm expands and moves upward, decreasing thoracic cavity volume.

• The diaphragm contracts and pushes air out of the lungs.

• The diaphragm remains still, allowing air to enter through the nose and mouth.

What happens to the diaphragm during exhalation?

• The diaphragm contracts and moves downward.

• The diaphragm expands and flattens out.

• The diaphragm remains stationary during exhalation.

• The diaphragm relaxes and moves upward.

Describe the mechanics of breathing in terms of pressure changes.

• Breathing is solely controlled by diaphragm movement without any pressure changes.

• Inhalation increases lung pressure to push air out, while exhalation decreases lung pressure to draw air in.

• Breathing mechanics involve constant lung pressure during inhalation and exhalation.

• Breathing mechanics involve pressure changes: inhalation decreases lung pressure to draw air in, while exhalation increases lung pressure to expel air.

How does the structure of the lungs support their function?

• Lungs have a rigid structure to maintain shape during breathing.

• The structure of the lungs is primarily made of muscle tissue.

• Lungs are filled with liquid to enhance gas exchange.

• The structure of the lungs, with alveoli for gas exchange, a large surface area, and elastic tissue, supports their function of efficient respiration.

What are the main parts of the lungs?

• Bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli.

• Trachea, diaphragm, pleural cavity

• Larynx, pharynx, nasal cavity

• Aorta, vena cava, capillaries