Unit 1 Lesson 2 - Fossils and the History of Life

Using the latest technology, scientists create detailed fossil replicas by first _______ and then _______ them.

• documenting; scanning

• studying; photographing

• drawing; uploading

• scanning; printing

Which of the following is a constraint when studying rare and important fossils?

• 
  

• An engineering solution must be cost effective.

• An engineering solution must be safe for the people involved and for the environment.

• both

• neither

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The first criterion of a successful engineering solution for studying fossils is that scientists?

• 
  

• should be careful not to misidentify fossil species

• should not study more than one fossil at a time

• should be able to study fossils without damaging them

• should study fossils in a secure, isolated environment

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An engineering solution for studying rare, important fossils should meet certain?

• 
  

• criteria

• desires

• expectations

• guidelines

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Through analyzing fossil whales, what have scientists learned about whales’ evolution over time?

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• Whales became better suited to water

• Whales grew smaller

• Whales developed legs

• Whales lost the ability to communicate

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What are some of the evolutionary changes between Archaeopteryx and modern birds?

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• development of teeth and feet

• loss of wings, beaks, and talons; transition from feather to bony tails

• growth of talons and a long, bony tail

• loss of wing claws and teeth; transition from bony to feather tails

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Archaeopteryx, which lived 150 million years ago, is an intermediate form between?

• 
  

• certain dinosaurs and modern birds

• certain dinosaurs and modern whales

• both

• neither

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Which of these was NOT a cause for a mass extinction on Earth?

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• the evolution of a predatory species that killed countless organisms

• an extreme ice age that destroyed marine habitats

• huge volcanic eruptions that led to extreme global warming

• a great meteor impact that blocked the sun for a year or more

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During the _______ extinction, the largest extinction in Earth's history, about _______ of species on Earth died

• Cretaceous, 75%

• Permian, 50%

• Permian, 90%

• Cretaceous, 25%

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What pattern can be observed from past mass extinctions?

• Mass extinctions primarily happen among species of plant life

• Mass extinctions are followed by adaptive radiations, increasing Earth's biodiversity

• Mass extinctions lower the Earth's total biodiversity for a significant amount of time

• Mass extinctions are always caused by factors that do not originate on Earth

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