Quiz about Atomic Structure Quiz

Question 1

State one conclusion from Rutherford's experiment that contradicts one conclusion made by Thomson.

Accepted Answer

Atoms have a dense nucleus.

Answer

Atoms are indivisible.

Answer

Electrons are embedded in a positive sphere.

Answer

Atoms are electrically neutral.

Question 2

State one aspect of the modern model of the atom that agrees with a conclusion made by Thomson.

Accepted Answer

Atoms have a positive center.

Answer

Atoms are mostly empty space.

Answer

Electrons orbit the nucleus.

Answer

Electrons are embedded in a positive sphere.

Question 3

What was Bohr's most important contribution to atomic structure?

Accepted Answer

Introduction of electron orbits.

Answer

Discovery of the neutron.

Answer

Proposal of the electron cloud model.

Answer

Discovery of the proton.

Question 4

Draw a Bohr Model for a gold atom.

Accepted Answer

Gold-197

Answer

Gold-198

Answer

Gold-199

Answer

Gold-200

Question 5

State, in terms of the number of subatomic particles, one similarity and one difference between the atoms of these isotopes of sulfur.

Accepted Answer

Similarity: Same number of protons; Difference: Different number of neutrons

Answer

Similarity: Same number of electrons; Difference: Different number of protons

Answer

Similarity: Same atomic mass; Difference: Different natural abundance

Answer

Similarity: Same number of neutrons; Difference: Different number of electrons

Question 6

Calculate the value of the atomic mass of sulfur. Be sure to include a unit.

Accepted Answer

32.07 amu

Answer

33.07 amu

Answer

34.07 amu

Answer

35.07 amu

Question 7

Which line of the Balmer Series has the highest frequency?

Accepted Answer

Violet

Answer

Red

Answer

Blue green

Answer

Blue

Question 8

Which line of the Balmer Series has the highest energy?

Accepted Answer

Violet

Answer

Red

Answer

Blue green

Answer

Blue

Question 9

Naturally occurring boron consists of two isotopes, boron-10 and boron-11. If the atomic mass of natural boron is 10.8, what is the percentage that is boron-10?

Accepted Answer

20%

Answer

0%

Answer

50%

Answer

80%

Answer

100%

Question 10

Which supports the conclusion that the energy of electrons in atoms are quantized?

Accepted Answer

Emission spectra of gaseous elements

Answer

Mass spectrometer beam distribution

Answer

Cathode ray deflection by a magnetic field

Answer

Scattering of alpha particles by metal foil

Answer

Radioactive transmutation of elements

Question 11

How many valence electrons does element X have?

Accepted Answer

6

Answer

0

Answer

2

Answer

3

Answer

4

Question 12

Which of the electron transitions between principal energy levels would absorb the most amount of energy?

Accepted Answer

from n = 3 to n = 5

Answer

from n = 2 to n = 3

Answer

from n = 4 to n = 2

Answer

from n = 5 to n = 3

Answer

from n = 7 to n = 4

Question 13

Which statement best describes electrons?

Accepted Answer

They are negative subatomic particles and are found surrounding the nucleus.

Answer

They are positive subatomic particles and are found surrounding the nucleus.

Answer

They are positive subatomic particles and are found in the nucleus.

Answer

They are negative subatomic particles and are found in the nucleus.

Question 14

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the fourth principal energy level (shell) of an atom?

Accepted Answer

32

Answer

6

Answer

18

Answer

8

Question 15

Which principal energy level has a maximum of three sublevels?

Accepted Answer

3

Answer

1

Answer

2

Answer

4

Question 16

Which atom in the ground state has five electrons in its outer level and ten electrons in its kernel?

Accepted Answer

P

Answer

Si

Answer

C

Answer

Cl

Question 17

The mass of an electron is approximately equal to 1/1836 of the mass of

Accepted Answer

a proton

Answer

a beta particle

Answer

a positron

Answer

an alpha particle

Question 18

Which diagram represents the nucleus of an atom of 27/13Al?

Accepted Answer

14 n, 13 p

Answer

27 n, 13 p

Answer

14 n, 27 p

Answer

40 n, 13 p

Question 19

Element X has two isotopes. If 72.0% of the element has an isotopic mass of 84.9 atomic mass units, and 28.0% of the element has an isotopic mass of 87.0 atomic mass units, the average atomic mass of element X is numerically equal to

Accepted Answer

(72.0 x 84.9) + (28.0 x 87.0) / 100

Answer

(72.0 x 84.9) + (28.0 x 87.0)

Answer

(72.0 + 84.9) x (28.0 + 87.0)

Answer

(72.0 - 84.9) x (28.0 + 87.0)

Question 20

Atoms of different isotopes of the same element differ in their total number of

Accepted Answer

neutrons

Answer

protons

Answer

electrons

Answer

valence electrons

Question 21

Which orbital notation correctly represents a noble gas in the ground state?

Accepted Answer

Option 4

Answer

Option 1

Answer

Option 2

Answer

Option 3

Question 22

How many orbitals in a sulfur atom in the ground state contain only one electron?

Accepted Answer

3

Answer

1

Answer

2

Answer

4

Question 23

What is the total number of occupied sublevels in the third principal energy level of a zinc atom in the ground state?

Accepted Answer

3

Answer

1

Answer

2

Answer

4

Question 24

What is the total number of sublevels that contain electrons in the third principal energy level of a nickel atom in the ground state?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

1

Answer

2

Answer

3

Question 25

Which of the following sublevels has the highest energy?

Accepted Answer

3p

Answer

1s

Answer

2s

Answer

4s

Question 26

Which sublevel contains a total of 5 orbitals?

Accepted Answer

d

Answer

s

Answer

p

Answer

f

Question 27

What is the total number of electrons needed to completely fill all of the orbitals in an atom's second principal energy level?

Accepted Answer

8

Answer

16

Answer

2

Answer

4

Question 28

Which term refers to the region of an atom where an electron is most likely to be found?

Accepted Answer

orbital

Answer

quantum

Answer

orbit

Answer

spectrum

Question 29

Which electron transition would result in the greatest absorption of energy?

Accepted Answer

3s to 4p

Answer

3s to 2p

Answer

3s to 3p

Answer

3s to 2s

Question 30

The total number of d orbitals in the third principal energy level is

Accepted Answer

5

Answer

1

Answer

3

Answer

7

Question 31

Which orbital notation represents a boron atom in the ground state?

Accepted Answer

2

Answer

1

Answer

3

Answer

4

Question 32

Which elements are present in this mixture?

Accepted Answer

D, E, and G

Answer

E and D, only

Answer

E and G, only

Answer

D and G, only

Question 33

Which atom in the ground state has five electrons in its outer level and ten electrons in its kernel?

Accepted Answer

Si

Answer

C

Answer

Cl

Answer

P

Question 34

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the fourth principal energy level (shell) of an atom?

Accepted Answer

32

Answer

6

Answer

8

Answer

18

Question 35

An atom of which element in the ground state contains electrons in the fourth principal energy level?

Accepted Answer

Kr

Answer

Ar

Answer

Ne

Answer

He

Question 36

Which model correctly describes the locations of protons and electrons in the wave-mechanical model of the atom?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 37

What is the electron configuration of a sulfur atom in the ground state?

Accepted Answer

2-8-6

Answer

2-4

Answer

2-6

Answer

2-8-4

Question 38

Which electron configuration represents the electrons of an atom in an excited state?

Accepted Answer

2-8-7

Answer

2-1

Answer

2-7-4

Answer

2-4

Question 39

According to the electron-cloud model of the atom, an orbital is a

Accepted Answer

region of the most probable electron location

Answer

circular path traveled by an electron around the nucleus

Answer

spiral path traveled by an electron toward the nucleus

Answer

region of the most probable proton location

Question 40

The bright-line spectrum of sodium is produced when energy is

Accepted Answer

released as electrons move from higher to lower electron shells

Answer

absorbed as electrons move from higher to lower electron shells

Answer

absorbed as electrons move from lower to higher electron shells

Answer

released as electrons move from lower to higher electron shells

Question 41

In the electron cloud model of the atom, an orbital is defined as the most probable

Accepted Answer

location of an electron

Answer

charge of an electron

Answer

conductivity of an electron

Answer

mass of an electron

Question 42

Which statement best describes the nucleus of an aluminum atom?

Accepted Answer

It has a charge of +13 and is surrounded by a total of 13 electrons.

Answer

It has a charge of -13 and is surrounded by a total of 13 electrons.

Answer

It has a charge of -13 and is surrounded by a total of 10 electrons.

Answer

It has a charge of +13 and is surrounded by a total of 10 electrons.

Question 43

Which statement is true about a proton and an electron?

Accepted Answer

They have different masses and different charges.

Answer

They have the same masses and different charges.

Answer

They have the same masses and the same charges.

Answer

They have different masses and the same charges.

Question 44

In all samples of the element potassium, each atom has

Accepted Answer

19 protons

Answer

39 protons and neutrons

Answer

39 nucleons

Answer

20 neutrons

Question 45

Which element attains the structure of a noble gas when it becomes a 1+ ion?

Accepted Answer

K

Answer

Ca

Answer

F

Answer

Ne

Question 46

What is the mass number of an atom that has six protons, six electrons, and eight neutrons?

Accepted Answer

20

Answer

6

Answer

12

Answer

14

Question 47

What is the total number of occupied principal energy levels in an atom of neon in the ground state?

Accepted Answer

2

Answer

1

Answer

3

Answer

4

Question 48

As an electron in an atom moves from the ground state to the excited state, the electron

Accepted Answer

gains energy as it moves to a higher energy level

Answer

loses energy as it moves to a lower energy level

Answer

loses energy as it moves to a higher energy level

Answer

gains energy as it moves to a lower energy level

Question 49

During a flame test, ions of a specific metal are heated in the flame of a gas burner. A characteristic color of light is emitted by these ions in the flame when the electrons

Accepted Answer

emit energy as they return to lower energy levels

Answer

emit energy as they move to higher energy levels

Answer

gain energy as they return to lower energy levels

Answer

gain energy as they move to higher energy levels

Question 50

The region that is the most probable location of an electron in an atom is

Accepted Answer

an orbital

Answer

the excited state

Answer

the nucleus

Answer

an ion

Question 51

An atom of any element must contain

Accepted Answer

an equal number of protons and electrons

Answer

an equal number of protons and neutrons

Answer

more electrons than neutrons

Answer

more electrons than protons

Question 52

What is the total number of protons in an atom with the electron configuration 2-8-18-32-18-7?

Accepted Answer

118

Answer

69

Answer

79

Answer

197

Question 53

What is the total charge of the nucleus of a nitrogen atom?

Accepted Answer

+7

Answer

+5

Answer

+2

Answer

+1

Question 54

A sample composed only of atoms having the same atomic number is classified as

Accepted Answer

an element

Answer

a compound

Answer

a solution

Answer

an isomer

Question 55

Compared to an atom of phosphorus-31, an atom of sulfur-32 contains

Accepted Answer

one more neutron

Answer

one less neutron

Answer

one less proton

Answer

one more proton

Question 56

Which of the Group 17 elements listed below has the greatest nuclear charge?

Accepted Answer

I

Answer

F

Answer

Cl

Answer

Br

Question 57

What is the mass number of an atom that has six protons, six electrons, and eight neutrons?

Accepted Answer

20

Answer

6

Answer

12

Answer

14

Question 58

The number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom can be determined by

Accepted Answer

subtracting the atomic number from the mass number

Answer

adding the atomic number to the mass number

Answer

adding the mass number to the atomic mass

Answer

subtracting the mass number from the atomic number

Question 59

What is the total number of neutrons in an atom of _{3}^{7}Li?

Accepted Answer

3

Answer

7

Answer

10

Answer

4

Question 60

Atoms of different isotopes of the same element differ in their total number of

Accepted Answer

neutrons

Answer

electrons

Answer

protons

Answer

valence electrons

Question 61

What is the total number of valence electrons in an atom of germanium in the ground state?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

8

Answer

2

Answer

14

Question 62

The table below indicates the stability of six nuclides. Which nuclide is stable?

Accepted Answer

O-16

Answer

C-14

Answer

N-16

Answer

O-19

Question 63

What information is necessary to determine the atomic mass of the element chlorine?

Accepted Answer

the atomic mass and the relative abundance of each naturally occurring isotope of chlorine

Answer

the atomic mass of each artificially produced isotope of chlorine, only

Answer

the relative abundance of each naturally occurring isotope of chlorine, only

Answer

the atomic mass and the relative abundance of each naturally occurring and artificially produced isotope of chlorine

Question 64

A 100.00-gram sample of naturally occurring boron contains 19.78 grams of boron-10 and 80.22 grams of boron-11. Which numerical setup can be used to determine the atomic mass of naturally occurring boron?

Accepted Answer

(0.1978)(10.01) + (0.8022)(11.01)

Answer

(0.8022)(10.01) + (0.1978)(11.01)

Answer

(0.1978)(10.01)/(0.8022)(11.01)

Answer

(0.8022)(10.01)/(0.1978)(11.01)

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