Heat Transfer in Systems Quiz

Avery is packing a thermos bottle for a picnic. Which of the following best explains why the thermos keeps her drinks hot or cold?

• It uses a vacuum to reduce heat transfer by conduction and convection

• It uses a metal lining to conduct heat

• It uses a plastic lining to absorb heat

• It uses a reflective surface to increase heat transfer by radiation

Answer explanation

A thermos bottle keeps liquids hot or cold primarily because it uses a vacuum between its walls, which significantly reduces heat transfer by conduction and convection, preventing heat loss or gain.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Samuel noticed that warm air rising and cool air sinking in his room is an example of which type of heat transfer?

• A metal spoon getting hot from a boiling pot

• The sun warming your face

• Warm air rising and cool air sinking in a room

• A microwave heating food

Answer explanation

Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids. Warm air rising and cool air sinking in a room is a clear example of this process, as it involves the circulation of air due to temperature differences.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Aria places a thermometer in a cup of hot coffee and observes the temperature rise. What type of heat transfer is primarily responsible for this change?

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

• Evaporation

Answer explanation

The thermometer measures the temperature of the water through conduction, which is the transfer of heat through direct contact. The heat from the hot water is conducted to the thermometer, causing the temperature to rise.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Lily and Zoe are conducting an experiment to compare the insulating properties of different materials. What would be their control variables?

• Type of material and initial temperature

• Amount of material and time of exposure

• Initial temperature and time of exposure

• Type of material and amount of material

Answer explanation

The correct control variables are initial temperature and time of exposure, as they ensure that any differences in insulating properties are due to the materials themselves, not variations in temperature or duration of the experiment.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Anika is conducting an experiment to find out which material is the best conductor of heat. Which material should she choose?

• Wood

• Plastic

• Copper

• Glass

Answer explanation

Copper is the best conductor of heat among the options provided. It has high thermal conductivity, allowing heat to transfer quickly, unlike wood, plastic, and glass, which are poor conductors.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

When Luna touches a metal spoon that has been sitting in a hot pot, what is the process called when heat is transferred through direct contact between the spoon and her hand?

• Radiation

• Conduction

• Convection

• Insulation

Answer explanation

The process of heat transfer through direct contact between materials is called conduction. In conduction, heat moves from the hotter object to the cooler one until thermal equilibrium is reached.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Zoe is conducting an experiment by placing a metal rod in a flame. Which end will get hot first?

• The end in the flame

• The middle of the rod

• The end farthest from the flame

• Both ends at the same time

Answer explanation

The end of the metal rod in the flame will get hot first due to direct contact with the heat source, allowing thermal energy to transfer quickly to that end.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Evelyn and Lily are sitting in a room where both a metal chair and a wooden chair are at the same temperature. Explain why the metal chair feels colder than the wooden chair.

• Metal is a better conductor of heat than wood

• Metal is a better insulator than wood

• Wood absorbs more heat than metal

• Wood reflects more heat than metal

Answer explanation

Metal feels colder than wood at the same temperature because metal is a better conductor of heat. It draws heat away from your skin more efficiently than wood, making it feel colder.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Benjamin and Nora are conducting an experiment to understand why a black car becomes hotter than a white car when parked in sunlight. What could be the reason?

• Black surfaces reflect more sunlight

• Black surfaces absorb more sunlight

• White surfaces absorb more sunlight

• White surfaces reflect less sunlight

Answer explanation

Black surfaces absorb more sunlight, converting it into heat, which makes them hotter than white surfaces that reflect most sunlight and absorb less. Thus, black surfaces heat up more in sunlight.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Anika wants to investigate how the color of a car affects its heat absorption. What would be a suitable hypothesis for this experiment?

• Darker colors will absorb more heat than lighter colors

• Lighter colors will absorb more heat than darker colors

• All colors absorb the same amount of heat

• Color does not affect heat absorption

Answer explanation

The hypothesis 'Darker colors will absorb more heat than lighter colors' is correct because darker surfaces absorb more wavelengths of light, leading to higher heat absorption compared to lighter surfaces.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4