Influence of Enlightenment Thinkers

What is the main idea behind John Locke's Social Contract theory?

• The belief that government should be based on divine right

• The idea that government power comes from the consent of the governed

• The notion that monarchs have absolute power

• The concept that society should be governed by a single ruler

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which Enlightenment thinker is known for advocating freedom of speech and religion?

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Thomas Hobbes

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DOK Level 1: Recall

What does Rousseau's concept of the "General Will" refer to?

• The will of the majority

• The collective interest of the people

• The desires of the ruling class

• The will of the monarch

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Montesquieu is best known for which political theory?

• The divine right of kings

• The separation of powers

• The social contract

• The general will

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DOK Level 1: Recall

According to Hobbes, what is the natural state of human beings?

• Peaceful and cooperative

• Rational and logical

• Selfish and brutish

• Altruistic and kind

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DOK Level 1: Recall

How did John Locke's Social Contract influence modern democracy?

• It justified the rule of monarchs

• It emphasized the need for a strong central authority

• It laid the foundation for the idea of government by consent

• It promoted the idea of a theocratic state

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

In what way did Voltaire's advocacy for freedom impact the French Revolution?

• It led to the establishment of a monarchy

• It inspired the revolutionaries to fight for civil liberties

• It resulted in the suppression of free speech

• It had no significant impact

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

How does Rousseau's concept of the General Will differ from individual desires?

• It prioritizes personal interests over collective needs

• It represents the common good rather than individual preferences

• It focuses on the desires of the ruling elite

• It is identical to individual desires

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

What is the significance of Montesquieu's theory of separation of powers in modern governments?

• It allows for unchecked executive power

• It prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful

• It consolidates power in the hands of the judiciary

• It eliminates the need for a legislative branch

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

How did Hobbes' views on human nature influence his political philosophy?

• He believed in the inherent goodness of people, leading to a democratic system

• He advocated for a strong, authoritarian government to control human selfishness

• He supported the idea of a laissez-faire economy

• He promoted the idea of a utopian society

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept