Characteristics of Life in the Sea Review

Osmoregulators are organisms that:

• Regulate their internal osmolarity to maintain a stable internal environment

• Maintain a constant internal osmolarity regardless of the external environment

• Live only in freshwater environments

• Are unable to survive in saltwater environments

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Swim bladders help fish in the ocean by:

• Providing buoyancy control

• Enhancing their vision

• Improving their speed

• Protecting them from predators

___________ allows some deep-sea organisms to have vision in the deep ocean.

• Bioluminescence

• Evisceration

• Fragmentation

• Lateral lines

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___________ are marine organisms that do not actively regulate their internal osmotic environment.

• Osmoconformers

• Osmoregulators

• Endotherms

• Ectotherms

How do marine plants, such as mangroves, benefit from osmosis?

• By absorbing nutrients from the soil

• By maintaining water balance

• By producing oxygen

• By providing habitat for marine life

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Fish use active transport to:

• Move water across their gills

• Absorb nutrients from water

• Excrete waste products

• Regulate salt concentration

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Label each of the organisms as nekton, benthic, or planktonic.

• Phytoplankton

• Benthic
• Hammerhead shark

• Nekton

• Sea anemone

• Planktonic

Differentiate between endothermic and ectothermic marine organisms. How do these terms relate to their ability to regulate body temperature in changing ocean environments?

• Endothermic organisms rely on external sources for body heat, while ectothermic organisms generate their own heat.

• Endothermic organisms generate their own heat, while ectothermic organisms rely on external sources for body heat.

• Both endothermic and ectothermic organisms generate their own heat.

• Both endothermic and ectothermic organisms rely on external sources for body heat.

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The adaptation of the Lionfish includes venomous spines. How do these spines serve as a defense mechanism against potential predators?

• They camouflage the Lionfish in its environment.

• They release a scent that deters predators.

• They inflict pain and can be potentially lethal to predators.

• They help the Lionfish swim faster to escape predators.

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The adaptation of the Sea Cucumber allows it to expel its organs to deter predators. What is this process called?

• Autotomy

• Regeneration

• Metamorphosis

• Camouflage

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