Trans-Saharan Trade Routes

What is the size of the Sahara Desert compared to?

• United States

• China

• Russia

• India

Answer explanation

The Sahara Desert is approximately the size of China, making it one of the largest deserts in the world. In comparison, it is significantly larger than the United States, India, and Russia.

Match the following animals with their known characteristics.

• Known for surviving long periods without water

• Llama

• Known for speed and endurance

• Camel

• Used in Andean regions for carrying loads

• Horse

• Can pull the heaviest loads

• Ox

Answer explanation

The ox is renowned for its strength and endurance, making it capable of pulling heavy loads over long distances. While camels, horses, and llamas have their own strengths, the ox is specifically bred for heavy labor.

The most precious commodity traded in the trans-Saharan trade by the end of the 8th century C.E. was (a)  

• Silver
• Gold
• Spices
• Silk

Answer explanation

By the end of the 8th century C.E., gold became the most precious commodity traded in the trans-Saharan trade, valued for its rarity and demand, especially in regions like North Africa and Europe.

By the 12th century, which empire became the most powerful trading society in West Africa?

• Ghana

• Mali

• Songhai

• Egypt

Answer explanation

By the 12th century, the Mali Empire emerged as the most powerful trading society in West Africa, surpassing Ghana and laying the foundation for a prosperous trade network, particularly in gold and salt.

Who was Mali's founding ruler?

• Mansa Musa

• Sundiata

• Askia the Great

• Ibn Battuta

Answer explanation

Sundiata Keita is recognized as the founding ruler of the Mali Empire, establishing its foundations in the 13th century. Mansa Musa and Askia the Great were later prominent leaders, while Ibn Battuta was a famous traveler.

The primary purpose of rulers establishing a currency in Mali was (a)  

• To trade with Europe
• To protect trade routes
• To build monuments
• To expand territory

Answer explanation

The primary purpose of establishing a currency in Mali was to protect trade routes. A stable currency facilitated trade and ensured security for merchants traveling along these routes, which were vital for the economy.

What was the impact of Mansa Musa's reign on Islam in Mali?

• It weakened the religion

• It had no impact

• It deepened support for Islam

• It replaced Islam with another religion.

Answer explanation

Mansa Musa's reign (1312-1337) significantly promoted Islam in Mali, enhancing its status and influence. His pilgrimage to Mecca showcased Mali's wealth and commitment to Islam, deepening support for the religion among his subjects.

Which empire was located in West Africa?

• Al-Andalus

• Byzantine Empire

• Mali

• Kievan Rus

Answer explanation

The Mali Empire was a prominent West African empire known for its wealth, trade, and cultural influence, particularly during the 13th to 16th centuries. In contrast, Al-Andalus, Byzantine Empire, and Kievan Rus were located in different regions.

Who was the founder who built a strong trade network in Mali?

• Ibn Rushd

• Justinian

• Sundiata

• Vladimir I

Answer explanation

Sundiata Keita, the founder of the Mali Empire, established a strong trade network that connected West Africa to North Africa, facilitating the exchange of gold, salt, and other goods, which significantly boosted the empire's wealth.

Which empire created a vibrant, tolerant society and preserved classical Greek learning?

• Mali

• Al-Andalus

• Byzantine Empire

• Kievan Rus

Answer explanation

Al-Andalus, the Muslim-ruled region in the Iberian Peninsula, is known for its cultural tolerance and preservation of classical Greek texts, fostering a vibrant society that contributed significantly to European intellectual life.