Key Concepts: Geology on Mars Chapter 1

How do the hydrosphere (water) and geosphere (land) interact?

• Rivers wear away rocks to form valleys

• Wind shapes sand dunes in a desert

• Plants grow in soil

• Volcanoes release gases into the air

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

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Scientists find similar craters on Earth and Mars. What does this mean?

• They were made by volcanoes.

• They were made by asteroids hitting the planets.

• They were shaped by water.

• They were caused by tectonic plates moving.

Which shows the atmosphere (air) interacting with the biosphere (living things)?

• A thunderstorm causing soil erosion

• Animals breathing oxygen from the air

• A river dropping off sediment into a delta

• Wind blowing volcanic ash

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

If valleys on Mars look like valleys made by glaciers on Earth, what might scientists think?

• Mars had tectonic plates moving.

• Mars had flowing rivers.

• Mars had glaciers in the past.

• Mars had volcanic eruptions.

Which interaction happens when plants take in water from the soil?

• Atmosphere and biosphere

• Geosphere and biosphere

• Hydrosphere and geosphere

• Biosphere and hydrosphere

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

What do similar mountain ranges on Earth and Mars suggest?

• Both planets had the same erosion.

• Both planets had the same tectonic activity.

• Both planets have active volcanoes.

• Both planets had glaciers.

How do the hydrosphere (water) and atmosphere (air) work together in the water cycle?

• Wind causes soil erosion

• Water evaporates and forms clouds

• Volcanoes release steam into the air

• Plants release oxygen

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

When scientists find dry riverbeds on Mars like those on Earth, what can they guess about Mars’ past?

• Mars had lots of volcanic activity.

• Mars had glaciers.

• Mars had flowing water.

• Mars was covered by oceans.

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Which example shows the biosphere (living things) interacting with the geosphere (land)?

• Animals digging in the ground

• Glaciers forming ice sheets

• Rivers flowing into the ocean

• Volcanic ash falling on land

Why might scientists compare volcanic craters on Earth with those on Mars?

• To see if both planets are the same age

• To learn if volcanoes worked the same way on both planets

• To find evidence of water on Mars

• To understand differences in atmospheres