Pulmonary Ventilation Sem 1

Which of the following best describes the process of inhalation?

• Active relaxation of the diaphragm

• Passive movement of air out of the lungs

• Active contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles

• Decrease in thoracic cavity volume

The volume of air that moves into and out of the lungs during normal, relaxed breathing is called:

• Residual volume

• Tidal volume

• Inspiratory reserve volume

• Vital capacity

Which lung volume represents the additional air that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal expiration?

• Tidal volume

• Inspiratory reserve volume

• Expiratory reserve volume

• Residual volume

The sum of tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume is known as:

• Total lung capacity

• Functional residual capacity

• Inspiratory capacity

• Vital capacity

External respiration refers to:

• Gas exchange between alveoli and pulmonary capillaries

• Gas exchange between systemic capillaries and tissue cells

• The process of inhalation and exhalation

• The transport of gases in the bloodstream

Which of the following is NOT a method of carbon dioxide transport in the blood?

• Dissolved in plasma

• Bound to hemoglobin as carbaminohemoglobin

• As bicarbonate ions

• Bound to albumin

The primary form of oxygen transport in the blood is:

• Dissolved in plasma

• Bound to hemoglobin as oxyhemoglobin

• As a bicarbonate ion

• Bound to plasma proteins

Internal respiration is best defined as:

• The exchange of gases between alveoli and blood

• The process of cellular respiration

• The exchange of gases between blood and tissue cells

• The movement of air in and out of the lungs

Which of the following lung volumes or capacities includes the residual volume?

• Vital capacity

• Inspiratory capacity

• Functional residual capacity

• Tidal volume

During normal expiration, which of the following occurs?

• Contraction of the external intercostal muscles

• Active contraction of the diaphragm

• Passive relaxation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles

• Increase in thoracic cavity volume