DNA Profiling Techniques and Concepts

This video tutorial covers DNA profiling, also known as genetic fingerprinting. It explains how unique DNA profiles are created using variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) found in non-coding regions of the genome. The process involves extracting DNA from tissue samples, amplifying it using PCR, and then digesting it into fragments with restriction endonucleases. These fragments are separated by gel electrophoresis to produce a unique banding pattern. The video also discusses how DNA profiles can be compared to determine genetic relationships or identify individuals.

What is another term for DNA profiling?

• Genetic mapping

• Genetic fingerprinting

• Gene sequencing

• Genome editing

Which type of DNA regions are used in DNA profiling?

• Coding regions

• Non-coding regions

• Ribosomal RNA

• Mitochondrial DNA

What does VNTR stand for?

• Variable Nucleotide Tandem Repeats

• Variable Number Tandem Repeats

• Variable Nucleotide Transcription Repeats

• Variable Number Transcription Repeats

Which method is used to amplify DNA before profiling?

• CRISPR

• PCR

• Gel electrophoresis

• DNA sequencing

From which sources can DNA be extracted for profiling?

• Cheek cells, blood, hair, and skin cells

• Only blood

• Only hair

• Only skin cells

What is the role of restriction endonucleases in DNA profiling?

• To amplify DNA

• To sequence DNA

• To cut DNA into smaller fragments

• To visualize DNA

Why must VNTRs remain intact during DNA digestion?

• They are coding regions

• They help in making the unique DNA profile

• They are used for PCR

• They are used for gel electrophoresis

What technique is used to separate DNA fragments based on size?

• CRISPR

• PCR

• DNA sequencing

• Gel electrophoresis

How can the banding pattern in gel electrophoresis be visualized?

• Using dyes or probes that are radioactive or fluorescent

• Using a microscope

• Using restriction endonucleases

• Using PCR

What does a similar DNA profile between two samples suggest?

• They are from different tissues

• They are from the same individual

• They are from different species

• They are from different individuals