Diabetes Management and Symptoms

Diabetes mellitus is a group of conditions marked by high blood glucose levels. Insulin, produced by the pancreas, is crucial for glucose uptake by cells. Insufficient insulin leads to high blood sugar, causing weight loss, thirst, and urination. Long-term high blood sugar can damage blood vessels, nerves, and organs. Acute crises may occur under stress. Type 1 diabetes involves immune destruction of pancreatic cells, requiring insulin replacement. Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance, often managed by lifestyle changes.

What is the primary role of insulin in the body?

• To break down carbohydrates

• To drive glucose into cells

• To store energy

• To produce glucose

What happens when insulin is deficient?

• Insulin production increases

• Cells are deprived of nutrition

• Blood sugar levels decrease

• Glucose enters the cells

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of high blood sugar levels?

• Loss of vision

• Improved wound healing

• Increased risk of cardiovascular diseases

• Renal failure

What can lead to the development of skin ulcers in diabetic patients?

• Improved pain perception

• Excessive insulin production

• Increased wound healing

• High blood sugar levels

What triggers the destruction of beta cells in Type 1 diabetes?

• A viral infection

• Lack of physical activity

• The body's own immune system

• Excessive carbohydrate intake

Which factor is believed to play a major role in the predisposition to Type 1 diabetes?

• Dietary habits

• Genetic factors

• Physical activity

• Environmental factors

What is the primary characteristic of Type 1 diabetes?

• Adult onset

• Gradual symptom appearance

• Early onset

• Insulin resistance

In Type 2 diabetes, what is the main issue with insulin?

• Receptor binding or signaling issues

• Complete absence

• Excessive production

• Insufficient production

What lifestyle change is a focus in managing Type 2 diabetes?

• Reduced physical activity

• Increased insulin production

• Weight loss

• Increased carbohydrate intake

At what age do symptoms of Type 2 diabetes usually appear?

• Before 10

• After 50

• After 30

• Before 20