Exploring DNA Structure and Replication

The video explores the complexity and significance of DNA, detailing its structure, base pairing, and the differences between DNA and RNA. It highlights the history of DNA discovery, including key figures like Rosalind Franklin. The process of DNA replication is explained, emphasizing the roles of various enzymes. The video underscores DNA's importance in storing genetic information and its role in cellular activities.

What is the primary function of DNA in living organisms?

• To store genetic instructions

• To provide energy

• To transport nutrients

• To protect cells from damage

Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous base found in DNA?

• Thymine

• Uracil

• Adenine

• Cytosine

What type of bond holds the nitrogenous bases together in the DNA double helix?

• Covalent bonds

• Ionic bonds

• Metallic bonds

• Hydrogen bonds

In DNA, which base pairs with cytosine?

• Adenine

• Thymine

• Guanine

• Uracil

What is the role of the enzyme helicase in DNA replication?

• To proofread the new DNA strand

• To unzip the DNA double helix

• To join Okazaki fragments

• To add nucleotides to the new strand

Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication?

• DNA ligase

• Helicase

• RNA primase

• DNA polymerase

What is a key structural difference between DNA and RNA?

• DNA contains uracil, RNA contains thymine

• DNA is single-stranded, RNA is double-stranded

• DNA has deoxyribose sugar, RNA has ribose sugar

• DNA is found in the cytoplasm, RNA is found in the nucleus

Who was the first to confirm the helical structure of DNA using x-ray diffraction?

• James Watson

• Friedrich Miescher

• Rosalind Franklin

• Francis Crick

What did Friedrich Miescher discover in 1869?

• The process of DNA replication

• A new biological substance called nuclein

• The role of DNA in genetic information

• The double helix structure of DNA

Why was Rosalind Franklin not awarded the Nobel Prize for her work on DNA?

• Her work was not recognized

• She did not contribute significantly

• She shared her data with rivals

• She had passed away before the prize was awarded