Exploring Gene Regulation and DNA Replication

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

• M phase

• G2 phase

• S phase

• G1 phase

What provides the energy for adding new nucleotides during DNA replication?

• Release of two phosphate groups

• Hydrolysis of water

• GTP

• ATP

In which direction does DNA synthesis occur?

• Random direction

• Both directions simultaneously

• 5' to 3'

• 3' to 5'

Which enzyme is responsible for adding new nucleotides to a growing DNA strand?

• DNA polymerase

• Ligase

• Primase

• Helicase

What are the base pairing rules in DNA?

• A pairs with C, T pairs with G

• A pairs with T, C pairs with G

• A pairs with T, G pairs with U

• A pairs with G, T pairs with C

Which enzyme unzips the DNA double helix during replication?

• Topoisomerase

• Helicase

• Primase

• Ligase

What is the role of topoisomerase in DNA replication?

• Preventing supercoiling

• Unzipping the DNA strand

• Sealing gaps between Okazaki fragments

• Adding nucleotides

What is the difference between the leading and lagging strands during DNA replication?

• Leading strand is synthesized in fragments, lagging strand is synthesized continuously

• Both strands are synthesized continuously

• Leading strand is synthesized continuously, lagging strand is synthesized in fragments

• Both strands are synthesized in fragments

What does it mean that DNA replication is semi-conservative?

• Each new DNA molecule consists of randomly mixed old and new strands

• Each new DNA molecule consists of one old and one new strand

• Each new DNA molecule consists of two new strands

• Each new DNA molecule consists of two old strands

Which type of mutation involves the addition of a nucleotide?

• Deletion

• Inversion

• Insertion

• Substitution

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2