Exploring Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions

The video tutorial covers mutations and biotechnology, starting with an introduction to mutations as changes in genetic material that can lead to genetic variation and evolution. It explains point mutations, including substitution types like silent, missense, and nonsense mutations. Frame shift mutations, caused by insertions or deletions, are discussed for their impact on protein synthesis. Large-scale mutations affecting chromosomes, such as non-disjunction and translocation, are also covered. The tutorial links mutations to natural selection and genetic variation, highlighting processes like horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes. Finally, it introduces biotechnology techniques like gel electrophoresis, PCR, and DNA sequencing.

What is the primary source of genetic variation?

• Mutations

• Natural selection

• Gene flow

• Genetic drift

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which type of point mutation results in a premature stop codon?

• Silent mutation

• Missense mutation

• Nonsense mutation

• Frame shift mutation

What happens during a frame shift mutation?

• A single nucleotide is replaced

• A segment of a chromosome is reversed

• The reading frame of genetic information is altered

• A segment of DNA is duplicated

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which large-scale mutation involves a segment of one chromosome moving to another?

• Duplication

• Translocation

• Inversion

• Non-disjunction

What is the result of non-disjunction during meiosis?

• A segment of DNA is lost

• A segment of DNA is duplicated

• Chromosomes do not separate properly

• A segment of DNA is reversed

How can prokaryotes increase their genetic variation?

• Through natural selection

• By undergoing mitosis

• Via horizontal gene transfer

• Through genetic drift

Which process involves the uptake of DNA from a nearby cell?

• Transduction

• Transposition

• Transformation

• Conjugation

What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?

• To replicate DNA artificially

• To sequence DNA

• To separate DNA fragments by size

• To amplify DNA segments

What does PCR stand for?

• Polymerase Chain Reaction

• Protein Chain Reaction

• Polymerase Cell Replication

• Protein Cell Replication

What is the main goal of DNA sequencing?

• To separate DNA fragments by size

• To replicate DNA artificially

• To amplify DNA segments

• To determine the order of nucleotides in DNA