Key Principles of Experimental Design in AP Statistics

What is the primary goal of any experiment?

• To observe natural phenomena

• To determine the impact of an explanatory variable on a response variable

• To collect as much data as possible

• To prove a hypothesis correct

Who are the three major groups involved in an experiment?

• Researchers, subjects, and evaluators

• Scientists, evaluators, and subjects

• Scientists, participants, and analysts

• Researchers, analysts, and participants

In the vitamin D experiment, what are the different treatments given to the subjects?

• 10mg, 15mg, 20mg, and 25mg of vitamin D

• 5mg, 15mg, 25mg, and 35mg of vitamin D

• 10mg, 20mg, 30mg, and 0mg of vitamin D

• 5mg, 10mg, 15mg, and 20mg of vitamin D

In the grass growth experiment, what are the two explanatory variables?

• Water and sunlight

• Fertilizer and soil type

• Water and fertilizer

• Sunlight and soil type

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

What is the placebo effect?

• The effect of a fake treatment on subjects

• The effect of random assignment on subjects

• The effect of a real treatment on subjects

• The effect of subjects knowing they are part of an experiment

Why is it important to use a placebo in experiments involving human subjects?

• To ensure all subjects receive the actual treatment

• To control for the placebo effect by giving everyone something

• To make the experiment more complex

• To eliminate the need for randomization

Why is randomization important in an experiment?

• To ensure subjects get the treatment they prefer

• To eliminate the need for a control group

• To prevent confounding variables from affecting the results

• To make the experiment easier to conduct

What is the purpose of replication in an experiment?

• To make the experiment more complex

• To reduce the impact of variation arising from random assignment

• To ensure the experiment is conducted only once

• To use as few subjects as possible

What does the control pillar in an experiment aim to achieve?

• To reduce variation by making treatment groups similar

• To make the treatment groups as different as possible

• To increase the number of variables in the experiment

• To eliminate the need for randomization

What is the difference between single-blind and double-blind experiments?

• Single-blind means only the subjects know the treatment; double-blind means only the evaluators know

• Single-blind means both subjects and evaluators know the treatment; double-blind means only the subjects don't know

• Single-blind means only the subjects don't know the treatment; double-blind means both subjects and evaluators don't know

• Single-blind means only the evaluators don't know the treatment; double-blind means both subjects and evaluators know