Benchmark #1 Study Guide

A sled with a mass of 10 kg is sitting on a snowy hill. The sled is initially at rest, but then gravity pulls it down the hill with a force of 98 N. However, the friction between the sled and the snow exerts a force of 28 N upward along the hill. 

Use Newton's second law (F=ma) to find the acceleration.

What will be the acceleration of the sled?

• 6 m/s²

• 
  7 m/s²

• 8 m/s²

• 10 m/s²

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Two bar magnets are brought close together without touching. One end of the first magnet moves away from the nearest end of the second magnet. Which of the following sentences describes the most likely explanation for this observation?

• The magnets are not strong enough to affect each other.

• The two magnet ends in the description are both north poles.

• The two magnet ends in the description are experiencing an attractive force.

• One magnet end in the description is a north pole and the other end is a south pole.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-3

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

A rocket fires its engines and exerts a force of 5000 Newtons downward to lift off from the ground.

How much force does the exhaust gas exert, and in what direction?

• 2500 Newtons upward

• 5000 Newtons upward

• 2500 Newtons downward

• 
  5000 Newtons downward

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

Use the data from the table below to answer the following question.

Which two factors seem to most significantly affect the magnetic field strength in the electric motors?

• the voltage applied

• the number of turns in the coil

• the type of material used in the coil

• 
  the direction of the current in the wire

• the electric current passing through the coil

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-3

As part of an experiment, balls of different masses are thrown in the air with the same amount of force. The maximum height of the balls is recorded. The graph shows the change in height as the mass of the balls increased. 

Based on the graph, what is the relationship between the height of the ball and its mass? 

• 
  It increases with an increase in the mass of the ball.

• 
  It decreases with an increase in the mass of the ball.

• It increases with an increase in the force applied to the ball.

• 
  It decreases with an increase in the force applied to the ball.

The table shows the amount of force applied in opposite directions by each of the students in four different trials.

In which trial would you expect for there not to be any pushing or pulling movement of the rope? 

• 
  trial 1

• 
  trial 2

• 
  trial 3

• 
  trial 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Imagine you are at a music concert. Two different types of speakers are set up. Speaker A is playing bass-heavy music, while Speaker B is playing high-pitched flute notes. 

Which statement correctly reflects the properties of the waves coming from these speakers?

• 
  The waves from Speaker A have a higher amplitude than those from Speaker B.

• The waves from Speaker B have a higher frequency than those from Speaker A.

• 
  The waves from Speaker B have a longer wavelength than those from Speaker A.

• 
  The waves from Speaker A are transferring more energy than those from Speaker B.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-1

Jack is pushing a heavy crate with a force of 150 Newtons to the right. 

Choose the answer from the drop-down menu to correctly complete the sentence.

According to Newton's third law of motion, there is a force of ​ ​ (a)   Newtons pushing​ (b)   .

• 150
• toward the right
• 25
• 75
• 300
• upward
• downward
• toward the left

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

Katie is trying to move a box of textbooks with a mass of 20 kg across the room. She applies a force of 80 N to the box, but the friction between the box and the floor applies a force of 30 N in the opposite direction.

Assuming no other forces are at play, choose the correct answer for the acceleration of the box.

Use Newton's second law to solve this (F=ma).

• 
  2.5 m/s²

• 3.0 m/s²

• 4.0 m/s²

• 4.5 m/s²

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Jay is playing football at the local park with his friends. He punts the ball, which travels in an arc across the field. As it moves, Jay's friend records its position, force, and direction.

Which two of the following statements correctly describe the ball's motion as it is punted across the field?

• The ball’s direction changes as it moves across the field.

• The ball experiences a constant velocity throughout its motion.

• The ball’s position changes constantly as it moves across the field.

• The ball's direction is determined by the direction in which Jay kicks the ball.

• The ball exerts a force equal to Jay’s foot on the ball as it moves across the field.