Clostridioides difficile Infections Quiz

What is the etiological agent of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI)?

• Gram-negative, non-spore-forming bacillus

• Gram-positive, spore-forming bacillus

• Gram-negative, spore-forming bacillus

• Gram-positive, non-spore-forming bacillus

What percentage of CDI cases are nosocomial?

• 10-20%

• 25-50%

• 66-75%

• 80-90%

Which of the following is a sign of CDI?

• Constipation

• Profuse, watery or mucoid green, foul diarrhea

• Mild abdominal pain

• Low fever

What is the role of antibiotics in CDI pathogenesis?

• They prevent toxin production

• They stimulate toxin production

• They have no effect on toxin production

• They eliminate toxin production

What is the typical leukocyte count in fulminant CDI?

• <5,000/mm³

• 5,000-10,000/mm³

• >15,000/mm³

• 10,000-15,000/mm³

What is the most sensitive method for diagnosing CDI?

• Stool culture

• Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)

• Enzyme immunoassay

• BD-GeneOhm™ C. difficile real-time PCR assay

What is the preferred treatment for an initial CDI episode according to the 2021 IDSA guidelines?

• Vancomycin 125 mg PO QID for 10 days

• Metronidazole 500 mg PO TID for 10-14 days

• Fidaxomicin 200 mg PO BID for 10 days

• Rifaximin 400 mg TID for 20 days

What is the recommended treatment for a first CDI recurrence?

• Fidaxomicin 200 mg PO BID for 10 days

• Vancomycin 125 mg PO QID for 10 days

• Metronidazole 500 mg PO TID for 10-14 days

• Rifaximin 400 mg TID for 20 days

What is a common side effect of metronidazole?

• Bitter taste

• Dysgeusia (bad taste)

• High cost

• Low efficacy

What is the availability of Bezlotoxumab in terms of dosage?

• 1000 mg/40 ml single use vial

• 500 mg/20 ml single use vial

• 2000 mg/80 ml single use vial

• 750 mg/30 ml single use vial