Unit 2 - Cells, List 1

What is the basic unit of life?

• Atom

• Molecule

• Cell

• Tissue

Answer explanation

The cell is the basic unit of life, as it is the smallest structure capable of performing all life processes. Atoms and molecules are components of cells, while tissues are groups of cells working together.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

What is the function of the cell membrane?

• Produces energy

• Surrounds the cell

• Digests waste

• Stores water

Answer explanation

The cell membrane surrounds the cell, providing structure and protection. It regulates what enters and exits the cell, making it essential for maintaining homeostasis.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which of the following is NOT a part of the cell theory?

• All living things are made of cells

• Cells come from pre-existing cells

• Cells are the basic unit of life

• Cells can be created from non-living matter

Answer explanation

The statement 'Cells can be created from non-living matter' is NOT part of cell theory. Cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells come from pre-existing cells, and cells are the basic unit of life.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

What is the rigid outer layer in plant cells called?

• Cell Membrane

• Cytoplasm

• Cell Wall

• Nucleus

Answer explanation

The rigid outer layer in plant cells is called the Cell Wall. It provides structural support and protection, distinguishing it from the Cell Membrane, which is more flexible and found in both plant and animal cells.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

What is the jelly-like substance in cells?

• Cytoplasm

• Lysosome

• Mitochondria

• Vacuole

Answer explanation

The jelly-like substance in cells is called cytoplasm. It fills the cell and surrounds the organelles, providing a medium for biochemical reactions and supporting cell structure.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which organelle digests waste?

• Mitochondria

• Lysosome

• Nucleus

• Vacuole

Answer explanation

The lysosome is the organelle responsible for digesting waste materials and cellular debris. It contains enzymes that break down various biomolecules, making it essential for cellular cleanup and recycling.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which organelle is responsible for producing energy?

• Nucleus

• Lysosome

• Mitochondria

• Vacuole

Answer explanation

The mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they produce energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration, making them the correct answer for the organelle responsible for energy production.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

What is the control center of the cell?

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleus

• Cell Wall

• Organelle

Answer explanation

The nucleus is known as the control center of the cell because it houses the cell's genetic material and regulates gene expression, thus controlling cellular activities. Other options do not serve this primary function.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

What are structures within cells with specific functions called?

• Organelles

• Cytoplasm

• Cell Membrane

• Vacuole

Answer explanation

Structures within cells that perform specific functions are called organelles. They include components like mitochondria and ribosomes, each playing a vital role in cellular processes.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

What is a vacuole?

• A structure that produces energy

• A small, membrane-bound sac within a cell

• The control center of the cell

• A jelly-like substance in cells

Answer explanation

A vacuole is defined as a small, membrane-bound sac within a cell. It serves various functions, including storage and maintaining cell turgor, distinguishing it from other cell structures like the nucleus or mitochondria.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2