Networking Unit 1 Study Guide

Daniel is studying computer networks and wants to understand the purpose of the OSI model. What is the primary purpose of the OSI model?

• Standardize networking protocols to allow communication between different systems

• Provide a physical connection between devices

• Encrypt data for secure transmission

• Manage user access to network resources

Answer explanation

The OSI model standardizes networking protocols, enabling different systems to communicate effectively. This is crucial for interoperability in diverse network environments.

During a computer networking class, Evelyn and Arjun were discussing what two protocols are used for transmitting data and on what layer?

• TCP and UDP on the Transport layer

• HTTP and HTTPS on the Application layer

• IP and ICMP on the Network layer

• Ethernet and Wi-Fi on the Data Link layer

Answer explanation

TCP and UDP are both protocols used for transmitting data over networks, and they operate at the Transport layer. They provide different methods for data transmission, with TCP being connection-oriented and UDP being connectionless.

Abigail is setting up a home network and needs to know which of the following are devices used on Layer 1 of the OSI model?

• Router

• Switch

• Hub

• Repeater

Answer explanation

A hub is a Layer 1 device that connects multiple Ethernet devices, making them act as a single network segment. Routers and switches operate at higher layers (Layer 3 and Layer 2, respectively), so they are not correct choices.

During a network troubleshooting session, Samuel needs to determine which layer of the OSI model is responsible for routing and forwarding. Which layer should he focus on?

• Application Layer

• Transport Layer

• Network Layer

• Data Link Layer

Answer explanation

The Network Layer is responsible for routing and forwarding data packets between devices across different networks. It ensures that data is sent from the source to the destination using logical addressing.

During a computer networking class, Mason asked, 'IP addresses are found at what layer of the OSI model?'

• Application layer

• Transport layer

• Network layer

• Data link layer

Answer explanation

IP addresses operate at the Network layer of the OSI model, which is responsible for routing data between devices across different networks. This layer handles logical addressing, making 'Network layer' the correct choice.

During a computer networking class, Aria asked which layer of the OSI model would MAC addresses be found?

• Application Layer

• Transport Layer

• Network Layer

• Data Link Layer

Answer explanation

MAC addresses are found in the Data Link Layer of the OSI model. This layer is responsible for node-to-node data transfer and includes protocols that manage hardware addressing, such as MAC addresses.

Harper is using a web browser to access an online service. Which layer of the OSI model does Harper interact with?

• Application Layer

• Presentation Layer

• Session Layer

• Transport Layer

Answer explanation

The user interacts with the Application Layer of the OSI model, which provides network services directly to end-user applications. This layer enables users to access network resources and services.

Kai is learning about network communication. What information does encapsulation add to a packet?

• Source and destination addresses

• Error-checking information

• Data payload

• All of the above

Answer explanation

Encapsulation adds source and destination addresses for routing, error-checking information to ensure data integrity, and the data payload itself. Therefore, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.

When Noah receives a package wrapped in multiple layers, what does he do to access the item inside?

• Removes the outer layers of data

• Adds additional layers to data

• Encrypts the data

• Compresses the data

Answer explanation

Decapsulation is the process of removing the outer layers of encapsulated data, allowing access to the original data. This is essential in networking and data transmission to retrieve the intended information.

Mia and Aiden are setting up a video call. Mia wants to ensure a stable connection, while Aiden is more concerned about speed. What is the difference between TCP and UDP?

• TCP is connection-oriented, while UDP is connectionless.

• TCP is faster than UDP.

• UDP guarantees delivery of data packets.

• TCP is used for streaming services.

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights that TCP is connection-oriented, establishing a reliable connection before data transfer, while UDP is connectionless, sending data without establishing a connection, which affects reliability.