Quiz de Física e Astronomia

Although it may be considered the most important term in Physics, energy is something very broad and complicated to define, but regarding it, it is correct to affirm that:

• it cannot be created, it can only be changed from one type to another.

• it is possible to create energy from nothing just by using the right ingredients.

• energy is only everything that can be related to electricity.

• there is no type of application for energy and humanity is trying to discover how to use it.

We can consider that the objective of astronomy is:

• To use the movement of the stars to establish personality traits of people and make predictions about future events in their lives.

• To predict natural disasters on Earth such as hurricanes and tsunamis.

• To study celestial bodies outside the Earth's atmosphere and the origin of the Universe.

• To predict cosmic integration between matter and energy in order to generate renewable sources of clean energy and care for the environment.

The most famous Greek planetary system was that of Claudius Ptolemy. According to Ptolemy's system, the Earth would be the center of the Universe. Thus, each planet described a circular orbit around the Earth. Mark the alternative that refers to Ptolemy's planetary system:

• solar system.

• planetary system.

• geocentric system.

• heliocentric system.

Just like the ancestral peoples of Europe, Asia, and Africa, the indigenous people who occupied the territory that would become Brazil also observed the sky. Mark the alternative that best fits the objective of the Indians analyzing the sky and the stars.

• The objective of the Indians was only to interpret the stars in relation to their deities and religious cults.

• The Indians observed the sky to predict the weather and the seasons of the year.

• The observation of the sky by the Indians was a form of entertainment and leisure.

• The Indians used the observation of the stars to develop maritime navigation maps.

(Udesc-adaptado) Analyze the propositions below about the main characteristics of astronomical system models. I. Greek system: Earth, planets, Sun, and stars were embedded in spheres that revolved around the Moon. II. Ptolemy assumed that the Earth was at the center of the Universe and the planets moved in circles, whose centers revolved around the Earth. III. Copernicus defended the idea that the Sun was at the center of the system and that the planets (including Earth) revolved around it in circular orbits. Select the correct alternative.

• Only statements I and IV are true.

• Only statement II is true.

• Only statements II and III are true.

• Only statements III and IV are true.

The "Big Bang" is recognized by scientists as the event that gave rise to the universe. An astronomical observation that is in accordance with this theory is:

• the rotation movement of the Earth.

• the expansion and distancing between galaxies.

• the movement of stars approaching.

• the translational movement of the Earth.

We can consider that the nursery of stars, with high concentrations of hydrogen and helium, are:

• Stellar Systems

• Big Bang

• Nebulae

• Black hole

Stars like the Sun, during their lifetime when all existing hydrogen fuses, what will happen?

• When burning its hydrogen, the Sun will disappear and the planets of the Solar System will be released into space.

• When all the hydrogen runs out, the Sun will begin to swell until it becomes a red giant.

• When all the hydrogen burns, due to lack of energy, the Sun will grow and absorb all the planets of the Solar System to then become a small black hole.

• The Sun will simply go out and become a giant stone wandering through space.