Marine Science Unit 2 Study Guide

Define what a producer is in a food web.

• An organism that consumes other organisms for energy.

• An organism that produces its own food through photosynthesis.

• An organism that decomposes organic material.

• An organism that is at the top of the food chain.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Define what a consumer is in a food web.

• An organism that produces its own food

• An organism that consumes other organisms

• An organism that decomposes organic material

• An organism that is at the top of the food chain

An autotroph is an organism that:

• Consumes other organisms for energy

• Produces its own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis

• Relies on external sources for food

• Is always a type of animal

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Define what a heterotroph is.

• An organism that produces its own food

• An organism that relies on consuming other organisms for food

• An organism that can survive without consuming any food

• An organism that only consumes plants

The 10% rule in a food web refers to:

• The transfer of 10% of energy from one trophic level to the next

• The loss of 10% of species in a habitat

• The increase of 10% in population size at each trophic level

• The 10% increase in biomass at each trophic level

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Mutualism is defined as:

• A relationship where both species benefit

• A relationship where one species benefits and the other is harmed

• A relationship where one species benefits and the other is unaffected

• A relationship where both species are harmed

Define commensalism.

• A relationship where both species benefit

• A relationship where one species benefits and the other is harmed

• A relationship where one species benefits and the other is unaffected

• A relationship where both species are harmed

Parasitism is defined as:

• A relationship where both organisms benefit

• A relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed

• A relationship where both organisms are harmed

• A relationship where neither organism is affected

What is the difference between an endotherm and ectotherm?

• Endotherms regulate their body temperature internally, while ectotherms rely on external sources.

• Ectotherms regulate their body temperature internally, while endotherms rely on external sources.

• Both endotherms and ectotherms rely on external sources for body temperature regulation.

• Neither endotherms nor ectotherms regulate their body temperature.

Plankton are primarily classified into which of the following categories?

• Plants

• Animals

• Microorganisms

• Fungi