Respiratory tract disease III

Which of the following is the most common cause of primary spontaneous pneumothorax?

• Lung cancer

• COPD

• Subpleural bleb rupture

• Pulmonary embolism

In foreign body aspiration, where is the foreign body most likely to lodge?

• Left main bronchus

• Right main bronchus

• Trachea

• Carina

Which of the following is a typical radiologic finding in atelectasis?

• Hyperinflation of the affected lung

• Mediastinal shift towards the affected side

• Bilateral pleural effusion

• Increased lung markings

Which of the following medications is used as first-line therapy in mild persistent asthma?

• Short-acting beta-agonist (SABA)

• Long-acting beta-agonist (LABA)

• Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)

• Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA)

What is the most immediate management for a patient with suspected tension pneumothorax?

• Chest X-ray

• Chest tube insertion

• Needle decompression

• Mechanical ventilation

Which antibody is typically associated with Goodpasture’s syndrome?

• Anti-dsDNA

• Anti-GBM

• Anti-Smith

• ANCA

A patient presents with hemothorax after a motor vehicle accident. What is the initial step in management?

• Administer antibiotics

• Immediate chest tube insertion

• Thoracotomy

• Needle decompression

In allergic rhinitis, which immune component primarily mediates the hypersensitivity reaction?

• IgA

• IgG

• IgE

• IgM

Which of the following is the gold standard for the diagnosis and removal of a foreign body in the airway?

• Chest X-ray

• Flexible bronchoscopy

• Rigid bronchoscopy

• CT scan

In obstructive atelectasis, what is the most common underlying cause?

• Pleural effusion

• Mucus plug

• Lung tumor

• Pneumothorax