Exploring Properties of Matter

What are the three main states of matter?

• gas, liquid, crystal

• solid, liquid, gas

• solid, liquid, plasma

• plasma, vapor, foam

Describe the characteristics of solids.

• Solids are easily compressible and have low density.

• Solids can only be crystalline and not amorphous.

• Solids have a definite shape and volume, are incompressible, have high density, and can be crystalline or amorphous.

• Solids have a variable shape and volume.

How do liquids differ from gases in terms of shape and volume?

• Liquids have a definite volume and take the shape of their container; gases have neither a definite shape nor volume.

• Liquids take the shape of their container and have a variable volume; gases have a definite volume.

• Liquids have no definite volume and fill their container completely; gases have a definite shape.

• Liquids can be compressed easily while gases cannot be compressed at all.

What is plasma and where can it be found?

• Plasma is a solid found in ice and snow.

• Plasma is an ionized gas found in stars, fluorescent lights, plasma TVs, and during lightning.

• Plasma is a gas found only in the atmosphere.

• Plasma is a type of liquid found in oceans and rivers.

Define physical properties of matter with examples.

• Examples of physical changes are melting and freezing.

• Physical properties are only related to gases and liquids.

• Examples of physical properties of matter include: color (e.g., red, blue), density (e.g., 1 g/cm³ for water), mass (e.g., 5 kg), volume (e.g., 2 L), and boiling point (e.g., 100°C for water).

• Chemical properties of matter include reactivity and flammability.

What is the difference between intensive and extensive properties?

• Both intensive and extensive properties are independent of the quantity of matter.

• Intensive properties are independent of the quantity of matter, while extensive properties depend on the quantity of matter.

• Intensive properties can be measured, while extensive properties cannot be measured.

• Intensive properties depend on the quantity of matter, while extensive properties are independent.

How does temperature affect the state of matter?

• Temperature changes can cause matter to transition between solid, liquid, and gas states.

• Temperature only affects the color of matter, not its state.

• All matter exists only in a solid state regardless of temperature.

• Temperature has no effect on the state of matter.

What is a phase change? Give two examples.

• Condensation (gas to liquid) and freezing (liquid to solid)

• Evaporation (liquid to gas) and crystallization (liquid to solid)

• Examples of phase changes include melting (solid to liquid) and boiling (liquid to gas).

• Sublimation (solid to gas) and deposition (gas to solid)

Explain the process of melting and freezing.

• Melting is the process of evaporation from a liquid.

• Melting is the transition from solid to liquid, while freezing is the transition from liquid to solid.

• Freezing occurs when a liquid turns into vapor.

• Melting is the transition from gas to solid.

What happens during evaporation and condensation?

• During evaporation, liquid turns into gas; during condensation, gas turns into liquid.

• During evaporation, liquid turns into solid; during condensation, liquid turns into gas.

• During evaporation, gas turns into liquid; during condensation, liquid turns into solid.

• During evaporation, gas turns into solid; during condensation, solid turns into gas.