6.43 Error in this Radiograph is:
Panoramic Radiography - Errors

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Education
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University
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Hard

Nader Ahmed Abdualwahab Al Aizari
Used 2+ times
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10 questions
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1.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
2 mins • 1 pt
Chin is tipped too low
Patient is slumped
Patient is turned or twisted
Patient is positioned too far forward in the machine
Chin is tilted too far upward
Answer explanation
1. Error:
Chin is tipped too low.
2. Features:
Excessively curved “smile line” of the teeth.
Hyoid bone is projected as a horizontal, radiopaque band across the anterior mandible.
3. Correction:
Raise chin up a little.
Check Frankfort plane light is parallel to the ala-tragus line.
2.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
2 mins • 1 pt
6.44 Error in this Radiograph is:
Chin is tipped too low
Patient is slumped
Patient is turned or twisted
Patient is positioned too far forward in the machine
Chin is tilted too far upward
Answer explanation
1. Error:
Patient is “slumped” or “stooped.”
2. Features:
Lower anterior teeth are obscured.
V-shaped radiopaque ghost image of the spine is seen in the midline.
3. Correction:
Make sure patient is standing upright with back and neck
straight.
3.
MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION
2 mins • 1 pt
6.45 TWO Errors in this Radiograph:
Chin is tipped too low
Patient is slumped
Patient is turned or twisted
Patient is positioned too far forward in the machine
Chin is tilted too far upward
Answer explanation
1. First error:
Patient is “turned” or “twisted” in the machine.
2. Features:
Molars are wider on right than on left.
Ramus is wider on right than on left.
3. Correction:
Make sure patient is facing straight forward in the machine.
Close side guides firmly against patient’s head.
Check anterior vertical midline light; make sure it is aligned
with middle of nose and rest of face.
1. Second error:
Patient is “slumped” or “stooped.”
2. Features:
Anterior left teeth are slightly obscured by radiopaque shadow.
Ghost image of spine is seen on left midline, only as patient is turned in the machine.
3. Correction:
Make sure patient is standing upright with back and neck
straight.
4.
MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION
2 mins • 1 pt
6.46 TWO Errors in this Radiograph:
Chin is tipped too low
Patient is slumped
Patient is turned or twisted
Patient is positioned too far forward in the machine
Chin is tilted too far upward
Answer explanation
1. First error:
Patient is positioned too far forward in the machine.
2. Features:
Excessively narrowed anterior teeth
Spine is superimposed on ramus on both sides.
3. Correction:
Make sure patient is biting in groove in bite block.
Check that the canine light is aligned with middle of lower canine.
1. Second error:
Patient is slightly twisted.
2. Features:
Upper right molar is a little wider than upper left molar.
Right ramus is a little wider than left ramus.
Spine overlaps right ramus more than left ramus.
3. Correction:
Close side guides firmly against patient’s head.
Check anterior midline light.
COMMENT: The lower anterior teeth are missing so the
patient could not properly bite in the groove in the bite block, as indicated by the lack of an interocclusal space between the upper and lower teeth. Because the patient was not biting in the groove, he ended up too far forward and possibly contributed to the twisted position as well. A couple of cotton rolls in the edentulous space and careful attention to technique would have taken care of the problem.
5.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
2 mins • 1 pt
6.49 Error in this Radiograph:
Chin is tipped too low
Patient is slumped
Patient is turned or twisted
Earrings were not removed
Chin is tilted too far upward
Answer explanation
1. Error:
Hoop and stud earrings were not removed on each side.
2. Features:
Real and ghost images of earrings
3. Correction:
Be sure to check for this in both men and women, especially
those with long hair obscuring the ears.
6.
MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION
2 mins • 1 pt
6.50 TWO Errors in this Radiograph:
Tongue is not against palate
Patient is slumped
Patient is turned or twisted
Patient is positioned too far back
Chin is tilted too far upward
Answer explanation
1. First error:
Tongue is not against palate.
2. Features:
Dark shadow is obscuring apices of maxillary teeth.
3. Correction:
Instruct patient to place tongue on palate; if this fails, ask
patient to suck on his or her cheeks while still biting on the
bite block.
1. Second error:
Patient is positioned too far back.
2. Features:
Normally we would expect to see widened teeth, but sometimes this feature is missing, as is the case here.
Ghost image of the ramus on both sides. This is easy to see
because a horizontal line is dividing the ramus from the
body; above this line the ramus is excessively radiopaque,
and below the line the body is of normal density. The radiopaque shadow is the ghost image of the ramus on the other side and happens only when the patient is too far back.
3. Correction:
Make sure patient is biting in groove in bite block.
Check canine light.
7.
MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION
2 mins • 1 pt
6.52 TWO Errors in this Radiograph:
Chin is too high
Patient is slumped
Patient is turned or twisted
Patient is positioned too far back
Chin is too low
Answer explanation
1. First error:
Chin is too high.
2. Features:
The occlusal plane is flat. Also when the chin is up, the head
goes back causing a ghost image of the ramus on both sides.
3. Correction:
Make certain the ala-tragus positioning light on the side of the face is parallel with the floor and is in the middle of the ala of the nose and on the tragus of the ear; this will ensure the chin is at the correct down angle on the chin rest.
1. Second error:
Patient is slumped in the machine.
2. Features:
There is a light radiopaque shadow in the mandibular midline, and as a result of the slumping, the machine rubbed against the neck causing the patient to move slightly as seen by the wavy outline of the mandibular cortex in this area.
3. Correction:
Have the patient stand “tall” with the neck straight and vertical.
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