Environmental Science Quiz

Which one is not a part of the biological environment?

• Plants

• Water

• Animals

• Human beings

Answer explanation

Water is an abiotic factor, while plants, animals, and human beings are all biotic components of the biological environment. Therefore, water is not considered a part of the biological environment.

Volcanoes erupt due to:

• Internal disturbance of the earth

• External disturbance of the earth

• Climate change

• Man-made changes on the earth

Answer explanation

Volcanoes erupt due to internal disturbances within the Earth, such as the movement of tectonic plates and magma pressure. This makes 'Internal disturbance of the earth' the correct choice.

Which one brings a sudden change in the environment?

• Formation of a river

• Rainfall

• Growth of a plant

• Formation of a mountain

Answer explanation

Rainfall brings a sudden change in the environment by altering soil moisture, affecting plant growth, and influencing local ecosystems, unlike the gradual processes of river formation, plant growth, or mountain formation.

Identify the term that stands for the topmost layer of the earth comprising of loose material:

• Minerals

• Soil

• Sial

• Sima

Answer explanation

The term 'Soil' refers to the topmost layer of the Earth, consisting of loose material that supports plant life. It is distinct from 'Minerals', 'Sial', and 'Sima', which refer to different geological components.

In which year was the Wildlife Protection Act passed in India?

• 1971

• 1972

• 1973

• 1974

Answer explanation

The Wildlife Protection Act was enacted in India in 1972 to safeguard wildlife and their habitats. This legislation marked a significant step in conservation efforts in the country.

What is the literal meaning of 'lithosphere'?

• Sphere of air

• Sphere of water

• Sphere of life

• Sphere of rocks

Answer explanation

The term 'lithosphere' comes from the Greek words 'lithos' meaning rock and 'sphaira' meaning sphere. Therefore, its literal meaning is 'sphere of rocks', which refers to the rigid outer layer of the Earth.

Which sphere of the natural environment is the most dynamic in nature?

• Lithosphere

• Atmosphere

• Hydrosphere

• Biosphere

Answer explanation

The atmosphere is the most dynamic sphere, constantly changing due to weather patterns, air currents, and temperature variations. This makes it more variable compared to the relatively stable lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

What percentage of the earth's surface is covered by water bodies?

• 43%

• 57%

• 71%

• 96.5%

Answer explanation

About 71% of the Earth's surface is covered by water bodies, primarily oceans. This is a well-established fact in geography, making 71% the correct answer.

Which sphere of the environment includes all living things?

• Lithosphere

• Atmosphere

• Hydrosphere

• Biosphere

Answer explanation

The biosphere encompasses all living organisms on Earth, including plants, animals, and microorganisms. In contrast, the lithosphere refers to the land, the atmosphere to the air, and the hydrosphere to water, none of which include all living things.

What is the main component of the uppermost part of the lithosphere?

• Sima

• Sial

• Soil

• Minerals

Answer explanation

The uppermost part of the lithosphere is primarily composed of sial, which refers to the continental crust made up of lighter, silica-rich rocks. In contrast, sima refers to the denser oceanic crust.