Earth's Internal Structure (Layers of the Earth)

Which of the following is NOT a major layer of the Earth?

• A) Crust

• B) Mantle

• C) Outer Core

• D) Asthenosphere

What is the composition of the Earth's inner core?

• A) Liquid iron and nickel

• B) Solid iron and nickel

• C) Silicate rocks

• D) Molten rock

Which layer of the Earth lies directly below the crust?

• A) Outer Core

• B) Inner Core

• C) Mantle

• D) Lithosphere

Describe the main difference between the Earth's lithosphere and asthenosphere.

• A) The lithosphere is rigid and solid, while the asthenosphere is semi-fluid and can flow.

• B) The lithosphere is liquid, while the asthenosphere is solid.

• C) The lithosphere includes the outer core, while the asthenosphere is part of the inner core.

• D) The lithosphere is located above the mantle, while the asthenosphere is located below the mantle.

What role does the Earth's mantle play in plate tectonics?

• A) It creates volcanic activity directly.

• B) It facilitates the movement of tectonic plates due to its semi-fluid nature.

• C) It forms the Earth's magnetic field.

• D) It absorbs shock from earthquakes.

Explain why the outer core is responsible for Earth's magnetic field.

• A) The movement of liquid iron and nickel in the outer core generates electric currents that produce the magnetic field.

• B) The solid iron in the inner core aligns magnetic particles that create the field.

• C) The mantle’s convection currents influence the magnetic field.

• D) The crust’s movement affects the outer core's magnetic properties.

If seismic waves travel slower through the outer core compared to the mantle, what does this suggest about the outer core's composition?

• A) The outer core is solid.

• B) The outer core is liquid.

• C) The outer core is composed of rocks.

• D) The outer core has a higher density than the mantle.

In what way does the Earth's crust interact with the underlying mantle at tectonic plate boundaries?

• A) The crust melts and becomes part of the mantle.

• B) The mantle pushes up to create new crust at divergent boundaries.

• C) The crust slides over the mantle without any interaction.

• D) The mantle absorbs tectonic plates without any change.

Compare the properties of the Earth's inner core and outer core. Which statement best describes their differences?

• A) The inner core is solid and composed mainly of iron and nickel, while the outer core is liquid and also composed of iron and nickel.

• B) The inner core is molten, while the outer core is solid.

• C) The inner core is primarily composed of silicate minerals, while the outer core consists of magma.

• D) The inner core is less dense than the outer core.

Evaluate the significance of understanding the Earth's internal structure for predicting volcanic activity.

• A) Understanding the internal structure helps predict volcanic eruptions by analyzing the movement of magma through the mantle and crust.

• B) The internal structure is not relevant for volcanic activity predictions; surface observations are more important.

• C) Knowledge of the Earth's internal structure provides little insight into volcanic processes.

• D) The Earth's internal structure helps in predicting earthquakes rather than volcanic activity.