NGS Ch 11 Section 1: Solutions, Solubility, and Concentration

What is a solute in a solution?

• A substance doing the dissolving

• A substance being dissolved

• A solid substance

• A mixture of two substances

Answer explanation

A solute is defined as the substance being dissolved in a solution. In contrast, the solvent is the substance doing the dissolving. Therefore, the correct choice is 'A substance being dissolved'.

What is a solvent in a solution?

• A mixture of two substances

• A solid substance

• A substance doing the dissolving

• A substance being dissolved

Answer explanation

A solvent is the substance that does the dissolving in a solution. It is typically a liquid that interacts with a solute, which is the substance being dissolved. Therefore, the correct choice is 'A substance doing the dissolving'.

Which of the following is an example of a gaseous solution?

• Sterling silver

• Saltwater

• Air

• Sugar water

Answer explanation

Air is a gaseous solution composed of various gases, primarily nitrogen and oxygen. In contrast, sterling silver, saltwater, and sugar water are not gaseous solutions; they are solid or liquid mixtures.

What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a solvent?

• It slows down the dissolving process

• It has no effect on the dissolving process

• It speeds up the dissolving process

• It makes the solute insoluble

Answer explanation

Increasing the temperature of a solvent speeds up the dissolving process because it increases the kinetic energy of the molecules, allowing them to interact more frequently and effectively with the solute.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What does it mean if something is insoluble?

• It changes color when dissolved

• It dissolves very quickly

• It cannot dissolve in a solvent

• It can dissolve in a solvent

Answer explanation

If something is insoluble, it means it cannot dissolve in a solvent. This is the correct choice, as the other options describe properties of soluble substances.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

What is concentration in a solution?

• The temperature of the solution

• The color of the solution

• The amount of solute in a solvent

• The amount of solvent in a solute

Answer explanation

Concentration in a solution refers to the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent. It indicates how much of a substance is present in a given volume of solution, making 'the amount of solute in a solvent' the correct choice.

What is a saturated solution?

• A solution that can dissolve more solute

• A solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature

• A solution that is unstable

• A solution with no solute

Answer explanation

A saturated solution is one that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature, meaning it cannot dissolve any more solute. This distinguishes it from unsaturated solutions, which can still dissolve more solute.

What is an unsaturated solution?

• A solution that is unstable

• A solution that can dissolve more solute at a given temperature

• A solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature

• A solution with no solute

Answer explanation

An unsaturated solution is one that can still dissolve more solute at a given temperature, meaning it has not reached its maximum capacity for solute. This distinguishes it from saturated solutions, which contain all the solute they can hold.

What is a supersaturated solution?

• A solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature

• A solution that can dissolve more solute at a given temperature

• A solution with no solute

• A solution that contains more solute than a saturated one and is unstable

Answer explanation

A supersaturated solution contains more solute than a saturated one, meaning it has exceeded the normal solubility limit at a given temperature. This state is unstable, as the excess solute can precipitate out.

Which of the following methods does NOT speed up the dissolving process?

• Increasing the temperature of the solvent

• Increasing the surface area of the solute

• Stirring the solution

• Decreasing the temperature of the solvent

Answer explanation

Decreasing the temperature of the solvent slows down the movement of molecules, which reduces the rate of dissolving. In contrast, increasing temperature, surface area, or stirring enhances the dissolving process.