Fluid, Acid and Base Quiz 2

What percentage of the total body weight is typically composed of total body water (TBW)?

• 30%

• 60%

• 75%

• 90%

Which fluid compartment contains the majority of the body’s water?

• Intracellular fluid (ICF)

• Extracellular fluid (ECF)

• Interstitial fluid

• Intravascular fluid

What is the main cation found in the extracellular fluid (ECF)?

• Potassium (K+)

• Calcium (Ca2+)

• Sodium (Na+)

• Magnesium (Mg2+)

Which process refers to the movement of water from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration?

• Filtration

• Diffusion

• Osmosis

• Active transport

Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with a sodium concentration greater than 145 mEq/L?

• Hyponatremia

• Hypernatremia

• Hypokalemia

• Hyperkalemia

Which condition occurs when there is an accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces?

• Dehydration

• Edema

• Hypervolemia

• Hypovolemia

What hormone is responsible for regulating water balance in the body?

• Insulin

• Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

• Aldosterone

• Epinephrine

Which of the following can cause hyperkalemia?

• Decreased renal excretion

• Excessive sweating

• Low potassium intake

• Diarrhea

What is the normal range of arterial blood pH in the human body?

• 6.5 to 6.9

• 7.35 to 7.45

• 7.5 to 8.0

• 8.0 to 8.5

Which condition is characterized by a increase in HCO3, leading to alkalosis?

• Respiratory acidosis

• Metabolic acidosis

• Respiratory alkalosis

• Metabolic alkalosis