Chemistry Quiz: Ionic Equilibria

What is the definition of equilibrium in a system?

• When the forward and reverse reactions stop

• When the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant

• When the rate of formation equals the rate of consumption

• When the system is static on a macroscopic level

According to the Arrhenius definition, what is an acid?

• A substance that increases the concentration of OH- in water

• A substance that increases the concentration of H3O+ in water

• A substance that decreases the concentration of OH- in water

• A substance that decreases the concentration of H3O+ in water

What is the most convenient acid-base definition given by Bronsted and Lowry?

• An acid is a proton acceptor and a base is a proton donor

• An acid is a proton donor and a base is a proton acceptor

• A base is a substance that increases H3O+ concentration

• An acid is a substance that increases OH- concentration

What is the equilibrium constant for the autoionization of water?

• 1 x 10^-14

• 1 x 10^-7

• 1 x 10^7

• 1 x 10^14

Which type of salts generally result in a neutral solution when dissolved in water?

• Salts from weak acids and strong bases

• Salts from weak acids and weak bases

• Salts from strong acids and weak bases

• Salts from strong acids and strong bases

What is the purpose of a buffer solution?

• To decrease pH upon addition of substances

• To neutralize the solution

• To resist pH changes upon addition of substances

• To increase pH upon addition of substances

What does the solubility product constant (Ksp) measure?

• Basicity of a solution

• Acidity of a solution

• Concentration of ions in a solution

• Solubility of a given salt in a given solvent

How can the molar solubility of a salt be used to determine the Ksp value?

• By measuring the volume of the solution

• By heating the solution to a specific temperature

• By adding more solvent to the solution

• By calculating the concentration of cations and anions present

What is the effect of adding a substance that increases the concentration of Cl- on the solubility of AgCl?

• Increase solubility

• Decrease solubility

• Form a precipitate

• No effect on solubility

What is the role of a reducing agent in a redox reaction?

• It is oxidized itself

• It enables the reduction of another species

• It enables the oxidation of another species

• It is reduced itself