PASS Genetics and Evolutionary Biology Quiz Buster 2

1.      Which mechanism allows DNA to proofread and remove incorrect base pairs?

• DNA Polymerase 3’ –> 5’ exonuclease activity

• DNA Polymerase 5’ –> 3’ exonuclease activity

• DNA Polymerase 3’ –> 5’ endonuclease activity

• DNA Polymerase 5’ –> 3’ endonuclease activity

The three additional features of eukaryotic transcription are the following EXCEPT:

• Addition of a 7-methyl guanosine cap

• Removal of intron sequences

• Transcription takes place in the cytoplasm

• Poly-A tail added to the 3' of the primary transcript

What is true about telomeres?

• Telomeres are responsible for the attachment of chromatids during mitosis

• Shorter telomeres are associated with cellular senescence and death

• Human telomeres contain the tandemly repeated sequence CCGTAT

• Most human somatic cells possess telomerase activity

Given the template DNA strand: 3' CAGTTAGACATG 5', what RNA strand will be formed after transcription?

• 5' GTCAATCTCTAC 3'

• 5' GTACAGATTGAC 3'

• 3' CAUGUCUAACUG 5'

• 5' GUCAAUCUGUAC 3'

Both the codons GCC and GCU code for the amino acid Alanine. Which characteristic of the genetic code allows for this?

• The genetic code is ordered

•   The genetic code is comma-free

• The genetic code is degenerate

• The genetic code is nearly universal

Which of the following is NOT true about mutations?

• A back mutation involves a second mutation at a different location in the genome

• Mutations are usually random and non-adaptive

• Germinal mutations are transmitted to progeny

• Induced mutations occur from the exposure of organisms to mutagens

A mutation resulted in the start codon being moved out of the reading frame. What type of mutation likely occurred in this case?

• Tautomeric shift

• Transversion mutation

• Transition mutation

• Base pair insertion

What method of DNA repair mechanism is rapid and large scale, but is prone to errors?

• Photoreactivation

• SOS Response

• Excision repair

• Post-replication repair

Which of the following are mutagenic to non-replicating DNA?

• Alkylating agents

• Acridine dye

• Base analogs

• Pyrimidine dimers

During DNA replication, Okazaki fragments are used to elongate

• The leading strand towards the replication fork

• The lagging strand towards the replication fork

• The leading strand away from the replication fork

• The lagging strand away from the replication fork